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Determinantes de compra e consumo de tomate fresco em Portugal
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Abstract(s)
O tomate é uma das culturas mais produzidas no mundo, pela sua disponibilidade, versatilidade, preço
acessível e benefícios nutricionais. Em 2020, foi a cultura hortícola com maior produção em Portugal,
representando uma importância notória na economia nacional. Com a presente dissertação pretendeu-se estudar os determinantes de compra e consumo de tomate fresco em Portugal, permitindo, assim, compreender e caracterizar as preferências do consumidor. Para tal, foi desenvolvido um estudo combinado de um método quantitativo (questionário) e um método qualitativo (focus group).
O questionário foi aplicado a uma amostra de 502 indivíduos e a sessão de focus group, que incluiu uma análise sensorial, contou com oito participantes. Os principais resultados obtidos demonstraram que a maioria dos inquiridos consome as cinco variedades mais comuns de tomate, nomeadamente, tomate coração de boi, tomate redondo, tomate chucha, tomate cherry/cereja e tomate rama, sendo o tomate cherry, a variedade preferida pela maioria dos consumidores. Quanto à frequência do consumo do tomate, a maioria dos inquiridos consume em média 2 a 3 vezes por semana, predominantemente durante o verão. Das diversas finalidades possíveis dadas ao tomate fresco, a mais comum é a salada.
Os resultados demonstraram ainda que existe uma associação positiva entre a área de residência do inquirido e o consumo de tomate fresco bem como entre o conhecimento dos benefícios nutricionais associados ao consumo tomate fresco com a frequência de consumo. A sessão de focus group, demonstrou que todos os participantes apresentam escolhas diferentes no que concerne às variedades de tomate consumidas e as suas finalidades, sendo a utilização do tomate fresco para consumo em salada, prática comum a todos os participantes. Identificou-se dos vários parâmetros que influenciam a compra deste alimento, que a preferência pessoal, a nível de variedade, textura, sabor, maturação, é o fator predominante. Os resultados da análise sensorial, demonstraram que a variedade tomate cherry obteve a melhor classificação em todos os parâmetros avaliados e a melhor impressão global, seguida do tomate chucha e tomate rama. A semelhança entre as amostras foi referida como um fator limitante para a classificação de cada uma das variedades.
Tomato is one of the most produced crops in the world, due to its availability, versatility, affordable price and nutritional benefits. In 2020, it was the horticultural crop with the highest production in Portugal, representing a notable importance in the national economy. This dissertation aimed to study the determinants of purchase and consumption of fresh tomatoes in Portugal, thus allowing us to understand and characterize consumer preferences. To this end, a combined study of a quantitative method (questionnaire) and a qualitative method (focus group) was developed. The questionnaire was applied to a sample of 502 individuals and the focus group session, which included a sensory analysis, had eight participants. The main results obtained demonstrated that the majority of respondents consume the five most common varieties of tomato, namely, beef heart tomato, round tomato, chucha tomato, cherry tomato and raw tomato, with the cherry tomato being the variety preferred by the majority. of consumers. Regarding the frequency of tomato consumption, the majority of respondents consume it on average 2 to 3 times a week, predominantly during the summer. Of the different possible uses for fresh tomatoes, the most common is salad. The results also demonstrated that there is a positive association between the respondent's area of residence and the consumption of fresh tomatoes, as well as between knowledge of the nutritional benefits associated with consuming fresh tomatoes and the frequency of consumption. The focus group session demonstrated that all participants had different choices regarding the varieties of tomatoes consumed and their purposes, with the use of fresh tomatoes for consumption in salads being a common practice for all participants. Of the various parameters that influence the purchase of this food, it was identified that personal preference, in terms of variety, texture, flavor, ripeness, is the predominant factor. The results of the sensory analysis demonstrated that the cherry tomato variety obtained the best classification in all evaluated parameters and the best overall impression, followed by the chucha tomato and the rama tomato. The similarity between the samples was referred to as a limiting factor for the classification of each variety.
Tomato is one of the most produced crops in the world, due to its availability, versatility, affordable price and nutritional benefits. In 2020, it was the horticultural crop with the highest production in Portugal, representing a notable importance in the national economy. This dissertation aimed to study the determinants of purchase and consumption of fresh tomatoes in Portugal, thus allowing us to understand and characterize consumer preferences. To this end, a combined study of a quantitative method (questionnaire) and a qualitative method (focus group) was developed. The questionnaire was applied to a sample of 502 individuals and the focus group session, which included a sensory analysis, had eight participants. The main results obtained demonstrated that the majority of respondents consume the five most common varieties of tomato, namely, beef heart tomato, round tomato, chucha tomato, cherry tomato and raw tomato, with the cherry tomato being the variety preferred by the majority. of consumers. Regarding the frequency of tomato consumption, the majority of respondents consume it on average 2 to 3 times a week, predominantly during the summer. Of the different possible uses for fresh tomatoes, the most common is salad. The results also demonstrated that there is a positive association between the respondent's area of residence and the consumption of fresh tomatoes, as well as between knowledge of the nutritional benefits associated with consuming fresh tomatoes and the frequency of consumption. The focus group session demonstrated that all participants had different choices regarding the varieties of tomatoes consumed and their purposes, with the use of fresh tomatoes for consumption in salads being a common practice for all participants. Of the various parameters that influence the purchase of this food, it was identified that personal preference, in terms of variety, texture, flavor, ripeness, is the predominant factor. The results of the sensory analysis demonstrated that the cherry tomato variety obtained the best classification in all evaluated parameters and the best overall impression, followed by the chucha tomato and the rama tomato. The similarity between the samples was referred to as a limiting factor for the classification of each variety.
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Keywords
Tomate Consumo Compra Variedades Hábitos alimentares Tomato ConsumptionC Purchase Varieties Eating habits.