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A Review on Aging, Sarcopenia, Falls, and Resistance Training in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2022-01-13Journal article Open access
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dc.contributor.authorRodrigues, Filipe
dc.contributor.authorDomingos, Christophe
dc.contributor.authorMonteiro, Diogo
dc.contributor.authorMorouço, Pedro
dc.date.accessioned2022-01-14T12:03:48Z
dc.date.available2022-01-14T12:03:48Z
dc.date.issued2022-01-13
dc.description.abstractAs aging continues to grow in our society, sarcopenia and associated fall risk is considered a public health problem since falling is the third cause of chronic disability. Falls are negatively related to functionality and independence and positively associated with morbidity and mortality. The cost of treatment of secondary injuries related to falls is high. For example, one in ten fall incidents leads to bone fractures and several other comorbidities. As demonstrated by several experimental studies, adopting a more active lifestyle is critical for reducing the number of fall episodes and their consequences. Therefore, it is essential to debate the proven physical exercise methods to reduce falls and fall-related effects. Since muscle mass, muscle strength, bone density, and cartilage function may play significant roles in daily activities, resistance training may positively and significantly affect the elderly. This narrative review aimed to examine current evidence on existing resistance training using resistance machines and bodyweight or low-cost equipment for the elderly and how they are related to falls and fall-related consequences. We provide theoretical links between aging, sarcopenia, and falls linking to resistance training and offer practical suggestions to exercise professionals seeking to promote regular physical exercise to promote quality of life in this population. Exercise programs focusing on strength may significantly influence muscle mass and muscle strength, minimizing functional decline and risk of falling. Resistance training programs should be customized to each elderly according to age, sex, and other fundamental and individual aspects. This narrative review provides evidence to support recommendations for practical resistance training in the elderly related to intensity and volume. A properly designed resistance training program with adequate instructions and technique is safe for the elderly. It should include an individualized approach based on existing equipment (i.e., body weight, resistance machines). Existing literature shows that exercise performance towards 2–3 sets of 1–2 exercises per major muscle group, performing 5–8 repetitions or achieving intensities of 50–80% of 1RM, 2–3 times per week should be recommended, followed by training principles such as periodization and progression. Bearing this in mind, health and exercise professionals should combine efforts focusing on efficient strategies to reduce falls among the elderly and promote higher experiences of well-being at advanced stages in life.pt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.citation: Rodrigues, F.; Domingos, C.; Monteiro, D.; Morouço, P. A Review on Aging, Sarcopenia, Falls, and Resistance Training in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 874. https://doi.org/10.3390/ ijerph19020874pt_PT
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/ijerph19020874pt_PT
dc.identifier.issn1660-4601
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.8/6489
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.publisherMDPIpt_PT
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/pt_PT
dc.subjectAagingpt_PT
dc.subjectSarcopeniapt_PT
dc.subjectFallpt_PT
dc.subjectResistance trainingpt_PT
dc.subjectElderlypt_PT
dc.titleA Review on Aging, Sarcopenia, Falls, and Resistance Training in Community-Dwelling Older Adultspt_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.conferencePlaceSuiçapt_PT
oaire.citation.endPage13pt_PT
oaire.citation.issue2pt_PT
oaire.citation.startPage1pt_PT
oaire.citation.titleInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Healthpt_PT
oaire.citation.volume19pt_PT
person.familyNameRodrigues
person.familyNameMonteiro
person.familyNameMorouço
person.givenNameFilipe
person.givenNameDiogo
person.givenNamePedro
person.identifier613329
person.identifierF-1202-2015
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person.identifier.ciencia-id9B18-7FE1-74AF
person.identifier.ciencia-idED1F-6228-E26F
person.identifier.ciencia-idF619-3996-742A
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-1327-8872
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-7179-6814
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-5956-9790
person.identifier.ridA-8152-2019
person.identifier.ridK-9545-2013
person.identifier.scopus-author-id57206270107
person.identifier.scopus-author-id56437945500
person.identifier.scopus-author-id24339135400
rcaap.rightsopenAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT
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relation.isAuthorOfPublication79dcae83-d54a-4acc-a9a1-8268c7776ab9
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relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery05b28d80-9e18-41cc-a66c-f37955bfc8da

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