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Aplicação de dietas piloto de microalgas em nutrição de reprodutores de amêijoa (Ruditapes philippinarum)
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Abstract(s)
A amêijoa japonesa (Ruditapes philippinarum) tem sido uma das espécies mais amplamente introduzidas para fins de aquacultura na Europa devido ao seu elevado crescimento, resistência e facilidade de captura e forte procura no mercado. A obtenção de sementes de amêijoa para aquacultura dependia, até recentemente, da recolha em meio selvagem, no entanto, durante as últimas duas décadas, foi observado um grave declínio
nas populações de bivalves refletindo-se diretamente na disponibilidade de sementes. Estas limitações levaram a um aumento da necessidade de reprodução controlada em maternidades e por consequente da necessidade de uma dieta equilibrada e formulada para a nutrição de bivalves que esteja disponível comercialmente e que permita o fornecimento contínuo de alimento. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o efeito de cinco dietas no acondicionamento de reprodutores de R. philippinarum das quais três foram selecionadas para avaliar o seu impacto a nível do desenvolvimento gonadal, sendo utilizada uma dieta controlo a base de microalgas vivas (dieta A), um concentrado líquido à base de microalgas inertes (dieta
B) e um pó piloto à base de microalgas inertes combinadas com probióticos (dieta E). No final do acondicionamento a dieta E revelou ter efeitos positivos no desenvolvimento gonadal dos reprodutores apresentando a maior proporção de animais maduros (IG=4,07)em comparação com a dieta A (IG=3,20). Em termos nutricionais a dieta A apresentou um teor lípido significativamente mais elevado (73,92±41,79 μg mg-1 PSLC) enquanto a dieta E se destacou pelo teor proteico (846,65±289,99 μg mg-1 PSLC). Adicionalmente
os dados sugerem que o decréscimo no índice de condição dos reprodutores esteja associado à ocorrência de uma desova no início do acondicionamento uma vez que quando estes foram adquiridos já se encontravam maduros.
The Japanese carpet shell (Ruditapes philippinarum) has been one of the most widely introduced species for aquaculture purposes in Europe due to its high density, ease of capture, and strong market demand. Obtaining clam seeds for aquaculture depended, until recently, on wild collection. However, over the last two decades, a severe decline in bivalve populations has been observed, directly affecting seed availability. These limitations have led to an increased need for controlled reproduction in hatcheries and consequently to the necessity of a balanced, commercially available formulated diet for bivalve nutrition, allowing for continuous food supply. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of five diets on the conditioning of R. philippinarum broodstock, of which three were selected to assess their impact on gonadal development. A control diet based on live microalgae (diet A), a liquid concentrate based on inert microalgae (diet B), and a pilot powder based on inert microalgae combined with probiotics (diet E) were used. At the end of conditioning, diet E showed positive effects on gonadal development of broodstock, exhibiting the highest proportion of mature animals (IG=4.07) compared to diet A (IG=3.20). Nutritionally, diet A had a significantly higher lipid content (73.92±41.79 μg mg-1 AFDW), while diet E stood out for its protein content (846.65±289.99 μg mg-1 AFDW). Additionally, the data suggest that the decrease in the condition index of the broodstock is associated with spawning at the beginning of conditioning, as they were acquired already mature.
The Japanese carpet shell (Ruditapes philippinarum) has been one of the most widely introduced species for aquaculture purposes in Europe due to its high density, ease of capture, and strong market demand. Obtaining clam seeds for aquaculture depended, until recently, on wild collection. However, over the last two decades, a severe decline in bivalve populations has been observed, directly affecting seed availability. These limitations have led to an increased need for controlled reproduction in hatcheries and consequently to the necessity of a balanced, commercially available formulated diet for bivalve nutrition, allowing for continuous food supply. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of five diets on the conditioning of R. philippinarum broodstock, of which three were selected to assess their impact on gonadal development. A control diet based on live microalgae (diet A), a liquid concentrate based on inert microalgae (diet B), and a pilot powder based on inert microalgae combined with probiotics (diet E) were used. At the end of conditioning, diet E showed positive effects on gonadal development of broodstock, exhibiting the highest proportion of mature animals (IG=4.07) compared to diet A (IG=3.20). Nutritionally, diet A had a significantly higher lipid content (73.92±41.79 μg mg-1 AFDW), while diet E stood out for its protein content (846.65±289.99 μg mg-1 AFDW). Additionally, the data suggest that the decrease in the condition index of the broodstock is associated with spawning at the beginning of conditioning, as they were acquired already mature.
Description
Keywords
Ruditapes philippinarum; acondicionamento de reprodutores; dietas de microalgas; concentrado de microalgas; alimento inerte