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Dual-Band Single-Layer Fractal Frequency Selective Surface for 5G Applications

2021-11-22Journal article Open access
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datacite.subject.fosEngenharia e Tecnologia::Engenharia Eletrotécnica, Eletrónica e Informática
datacite.subject.fosCiências Naturais::Ciências da Computação e da Informação
datacite.subject.fosEngenharia e Tecnologia::Outras Engenharias e Tecnologias
datacite.subject.sdg03:Saúde de Qualidade
datacite.subject.sdg10:Reduzir as Desigualdades
datacite.subject.sdg11:Cidades e Comunidades Sustentáveis
dc.contributor.authorDecoster, Bram
dc.contributor.authorMaes, Stephanie
dc.contributor.authorCuiñas, Iñigo
dc.contributor.authorSánchez, Manuel García
dc.contributor.authorCaldeirinha, Rafael
dc.contributor.authorVerhaevert, Jo
dc.date.accessioned2026-01-12T13:13:52Z
dc.date.available2026-01-12T13:13:52Z
dc.date.issued2021-11-22
dc.description.abstractDue to the global growth in popularity of Fifth Generation (5G) cellular communications, the demand for shielding against it has risen for a variety of applications, mainly related to cyber-security but also to isolation, calm areas and so on. This research paper aims to provide a suitable dual-band fractal FSS (Frequency Selective Surface) for the 5G lower band frequencies: 750 MHz and 3.5 GHz. The unit cell is in the shape of a bow tie, where each of the triangular parts are Sierpiński triangles. One major addition to the unit cell is a central metal strip to make the manufacturing of the FSS more feasible and to tune the operation frequencies and bandwidths. As with each different stage of a fractal antenna, the different stages of the fractal FSS design behave differently. For this application, stage 2 is sufficient, as we are able to cover frequency bands among those included in the FR1 5G spectrum. Some equations were derived using linear regression in order to provide specific design tools for building an FSS. These equations have high accuracy and can be used to adapt the proposed design to other frequencies. Some other parameters, which are not represented in the aforementioned equations, can also be adjusted for minor tweaking of the final design. This design performs well except under large incidence angles. This should be taken into account when proposing the installation of a structure based on it. A good agreement between simulation and measurement results is observed.eng
dc.description.sponsorshipThis research was funded by the Spanish Government, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Secretaría General de Investigación, grant number PID2020-112545RB-C52; Xunta de Galicia, project ED431C 2019/26; atlantTTic Research Center and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF); FCT/MCTES through national funds and when applicable co-funded EU funds under the projects UIDB/EEA/50008/2021.
dc.identifier.citationDecoster, B.; Maes, S.; Cuiñas, I.; García Sánchez, M.; Caldeirinha, R.; Verhaevert, J. Dual-Band Single-Layer Fractal Frequency Selective Surface for 5G Applications. Electronics 2021, 10, 2880. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10222880.
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/electronics10222880
dc.identifier.eissn2079-9292
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.8/15287
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.relation.hasversionhttps://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/10/22/2880
dc.relation.ispartofElectronics
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectFSS
dc.subject5G
dc.subjectSierpinski dipole
dc.subjectCST Microwave Studio
dc.subjectfractals
dc.subjectSierpinski triangle
dc.titleDual-Band Single-Layer Fractal Frequency Selective Surface for 5G Applicationseng
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.endPage16
oaire.citation.startPage1
oaire.citation.titleElectronics
oaire.citation.volume10
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyNameCaldeirinha
person.givenNameRafael
person.identifier.ciencia-id4D18-2B1E-0960
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-0297-7870
person.identifier.ridF-1499-2015
person.identifier.scopus-author-id7801603527
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationb04f8672-d7af-443e-9104-ae8698dcdc9d
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscoveryb04f8672-d7af-443e-9104-ae8698dcdc9d

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Due to the global growth in popularity of Fifth Generation (5G) cellular communications, the demand for shielding against it has risen for a variety of applications, mainly related to cyber-security but also to isolation, calm areas and so on. This research paper aims to provide a suitable dual-band fractal FSS (Frequency Selective Surface) for the 5G lower band frequencies: 750 MHz and 3.5 GHz. The unit cell is in the shape of a bow tie, where each of the triangular parts are Sierpiński triangles. One major addition to the unit cell is a central metal strip to make the manufacturing of the FSS more feasible and to tune the operation frequencies and bandwidths. As with each different stage of a fractal antenna, the different stages of the fractal FSS design behave differently. For this application, stage 2 is sufficient, as we are able to cover frequency bands among those included in the FR1 5G spectrum. Some equations were derived using linear regression in order to provide specific design tools for building an FSS. These equations have high accuracy and can be used to adapt the proposed design to other frequencies. Some other parameters, which are not represented in the aforementioned equations, can also be adjusted for minor tweaking of the final design. This design performs well except under large incidence angles. This should be taken into account when proposing the installation of a structure based on it. A good agreement between simulation and measurement results is observed.
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