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Análise comparativa dos sistemas de governança dos geoparques Estrela e Naturtejo em Portugal
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Abstract(s)
Os Geoparques Globais da UNESCO (UGGPs) são territórios ideais para promover o geoturismo. O primeiro Geoparque português a integrar a Rede de Geoparques Mundiais (GGN) da UNESCO, foi o Geopark Naturtejo em 2006. Partilha território com três áreas protegidas e a Reserva de Biosfera do Tejo/Tajo Internacional. O último a integrar a GGN foi o Estrela Geopark em 2020, tendo integrado por consequência, o Parque Natural da Serra de Estrela. Perseguindo objetivos comuns, cada um deles possui um modelo próprio de governança. É assim que o objetivo principal desta dissertação consiste em realizar uma análise comparativa dos sistemas de governança através da respetiva caracterização de linhas estratégicas, tais como: sistemas de governança, conservação do património natural e geológico, comunicação, educação, turismo, revisão do processo de implementação e evolução dos Geoparques Naturtejo e Estrela em Portugal. A metodologia de investigação baseia-se numa análise descritiva exploratória realizada através de pesquisas bibliográficas e entrevistas aos representantes dos órgãos de administração e órgãos de poder local.
Com base nos resultados obtidos, conclui-se que os dois sistemas de governança são diferentes e ambos cumprem com os objetivos dos (GGPs). Verificou-se que o Geopark Naturtejo enfrenta um desafio assente na conciliação dos processos de cooperação devido à estrutura administrativa de empresa Intermunicipal com fins lucrativos. É recomendável considerar uma proposta de reestruturação para evitar conflitos de interesse no futuro. Observou-se que as diferentes fases de desenvolvimento de ambos os geoparques têm um impacto na atualização dos sistemas informáticos. No caso do Geopark Naturtejo, ferramentas para o geoturismo, podem ser reforçadas. É necessário analisar o impacto na economia do território municipal mercê do desenvolvimento de projetos turísticos ligados aos Geoparques.
The UNESCO Global Geoparks (UGGPs) are ideal territories to promote geotourism. The first Portuguese Geopark to integrate the World Geoparks Network (GGN) of UNESCO, was the Naturtejo Geopark in 2006. It shares territory with three protected areas and the Tagus/Tajo Internacional Biosphere Reserve. The last to integrate the GGN was the Estrela Geopark in 2020, having consequently integrated the Serra de Estrela Natural Park. Pursuing common goals, each of them has its own governance model. Therefore, the main objective of this dissertation consists in doing a comparative analysis of the governance systems through the respective characterization of strategic lines, such as: governance systems, conservation of the natural and geological heritage, communication, education, tourism, review of the implementation process and evolution of the Geoparks Naturtejo and Estrela in Portugal. The research methodology is based on an exploratory descriptive analysis done through bibliographic research and interviews to the representatives of the management bodies and local authorities. Based on the results obtained, it is concluded that the two governance systems are different and both meet the objectives of the (GGPs). It was found that the primary challenges facing the Governance of the Naturtejo Geopark is in reconciling agreements due to the administrative structure of Intermunicipal for-profit company, it is recommended to consider a restructuring proposal to avoid conflicts of interest in the future. It was observed that the different stages of development of both geoparks have an impact in the updating of the computer systems as tools for geotourism, in the case of the Naturtejo Geopark can be improved. It also revealed that it is necessary to analyze the impact on the economy of the municipal territory by the development of tourism projects linked to the Geoparks.
The UNESCO Global Geoparks (UGGPs) are ideal territories to promote geotourism. The first Portuguese Geopark to integrate the World Geoparks Network (GGN) of UNESCO, was the Naturtejo Geopark in 2006. It shares territory with three protected areas and the Tagus/Tajo Internacional Biosphere Reserve. The last to integrate the GGN was the Estrela Geopark in 2020, having consequently integrated the Serra de Estrela Natural Park. Pursuing common goals, each of them has its own governance model. Therefore, the main objective of this dissertation consists in doing a comparative analysis of the governance systems through the respective characterization of strategic lines, such as: governance systems, conservation of the natural and geological heritage, communication, education, tourism, review of the implementation process and evolution of the Geoparks Naturtejo and Estrela in Portugal. The research methodology is based on an exploratory descriptive analysis done through bibliographic research and interviews to the representatives of the management bodies and local authorities. Based on the results obtained, it is concluded that the two governance systems are different and both meet the objectives of the (GGPs). It was found that the primary challenges facing the Governance of the Naturtejo Geopark is in reconciling agreements due to the administrative structure of Intermunicipal for-profit company, it is recommended to consider a restructuring proposal to avoid conflicts of interest in the future. It was observed that the different stages of development of both geoparks have an impact in the updating of the computer systems as tools for geotourism, in the case of the Naturtejo Geopark can be improved. It also revealed that it is necessary to analyze the impact on the economy of the municipal territory by the development of tourism projects linked to the Geoparks.
Description
Keywords
Geoturismo Geoconservação Gestão de geoparques Geoparques globais da UNESCO Governança dos geoparques