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O presente estudo teve como objetivo comparar os níveis de fragilidade e de independência funcional em idosos em função do local de residência e analisar as associações entre idade, fragilidade e autonomia, considerando o sexo. Realizou-se um estudo transversal e analítico com uma amostra de 77 idosos (80,16 ± 8,68 anos), divididos entre residentes na comunidade (n = 38) e institucionalizados (n = 39). A recolha de dados incluiu a caracterização sociodemográfica, a avaliação da fragilidade e da autonomia. Os idosos na comunidade apresentaram níveis de autonomia significativamente superiores (94,21 ±10,81) face aos institucionalizados (75,53 ± 23,21; p < 0,001). Não se verificaram diferenças significativas nos níveis de fragilidade entre grupos (p = 0,674). A análise correlacional revelou uma associação negativa forte entre fragilidade e autonomia, sendo esta relação mais acentuada nos idosos institucionalizados (r = -0,64) e no sexo masculino (r = -0,72). A idade apenas se correlacionou com a perda de autonomia nos homens (r = -0,43). O local de residência é um discriminante crítico da autonomia funcional, mas não da fragilidade percebida. Os resultados evidenciam um paradoxo de saúde-sobrevivência, onde os homens apresentam um declínio funcional mais abrupto associado à fragilidade. Sugere-se a implementação de programas de gerontomotricidade em estruturas residenciais para mitigar a dependência aprendida.
The present study aimed to compare levels of frailty and functional independence in older adults according to their place of residence and to analyze the associations between age, frailty, and autonomy, considering sex. A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted with a sample of 77 older adults (80.16 ±8.68 years), divided into community-dwelling (n = 38) and institutionalized (n = 39) participants. Data collection included sociodemographic characterization and the assessment of frailty and autonomy. Older adults in the community showed significantly higher levels of autonomy (94.21 ± 10.81) compared to those who were institutionalized (75.53 ± 23.21; p < 0.001). No significant differences were found in frailty levels between the groups (p = 0.674). Correlation analysis revealed a strong negative association between frailty and autonomy, which was more pronounced in institutionalized older adults (r = -0.64) and in males (r = -0.72). Age was only correlated with the loss of autonomy in men (r = -0.43). Place of residence is a critical determinant of functional autonomy but not of perceived frailty. The results highlight a health-survival paradox, where men exhibit a more abrupt functional decline associated with frailty. The implementation of gerontomotricity programs in residential care facilities is suggested to mitigate learned dependency.
The present study aimed to compare levels of frailty and functional independence in older adults according to their place of residence and to analyze the associations between age, frailty, and autonomy, considering sex. A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted with a sample of 77 older adults (80.16 ±8.68 years), divided into community-dwelling (n = 38) and institutionalized (n = 39) participants. Data collection included sociodemographic characterization and the assessment of frailty and autonomy. Older adults in the community showed significantly higher levels of autonomy (94.21 ± 10.81) compared to those who were institutionalized (75.53 ± 23.21; p < 0.001). No significant differences were found in frailty levels between the groups (p = 0.674). Correlation analysis revealed a strong negative association between frailty and autonomy, which was more pronounced in institutionalized older adults (r = -0.64) and in males (r = -0.72). Age was only correlated with the loss of autonomy in men (r = -0.43). Place of residence is a critical determinant of functional autonomy but not of perceived frailty. The results highlight a health-survival paradox, where men exhibit a more abrupt functional decline associated with frailty. The implementation of gerontomotricity programs in residential care facilities is suggested to mitigate learned dependency.
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Envelhecimento Autonomia Fragilidade Idoso Local de residência Ageing Autonomy Frailty Older adults Place of residence