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Forensic age estimation using new models of mathematical regression formula constructed with molar indexes: dental age assessment

datacite.subject.fosCiências Médicas::Outras Ciências Médicas
datacite.subject.sdg03:Saúde de Qualidade
dc.contributor.authorPereira, Cristiana Palmela
dc.contributor.authorRodrigues, Ana
dc.contributor.authorAugusto, Diana
dc.contributor.authorSantos, Adriana
dc.contributor.authorSalvado, Francisco
dc.contributor.authorSantos, Rui
dc.contributor.authorCameriere, Roberto
dc.date.accessioned2026-04-17T14:16:48Z
dc.date.available2026-04-17T14:16:48Z
dc.date.issued2021-06-04
dc.description.abstractIntroduction: In forensic science, age estimation for identification purposes of living and deceased individuals, is of great importance. It is crucial for humanitarian reasons in both civil and criminal cases. Objectives: The aim of this study was to contribute to the process of forensic age estimation using dental age assessment with mineralization stages of Demirjian method, and maturity indexes of permanent mandibular second (I2M) and third molars (I3M). Material and methods: Two samples were used from a Portuguese population; for I2M, 591 orthopantomography’s aged between 7 and 15 years and for I3M, 350 orthopantomography’s aged between 12 and 23 years. Age estimation was obtained using linear regression models, each model was estimated with all observations and without observations, in which I2M or I3M = 0. Results: The results of ICC for intra and interobserver validation varied between 0.608 and 0.999 for both indexes. Pearson correlation coefficient between each index and chronological age showed that all indexes were significantly negatively correlated with chronological age. The standard error of estimate and the mean absolute error were continually low without patients with null index. Conclusions: Application of I2M is reproducible in a Portuguese population for medicallegal application in a population aged 7 to 15 years, when the corresponding index is positive. Third molar must be used only if its index is positive. The inclusion of Demirjian staging in both models significantly increases accuracy.eng
dc.description.sponsorshipThis research was supported by the Centro de Estatística e Aplicações da Universidade de Lisboa, CEAUL, FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia Project reference UIDB/00006/2020.
dc.identifier.citationPalmela Pereira, C., Rodrigues, A., Augusto, D., Santos, A., Salvado, F., & Santos, R. et al. (2021). Forensic age estimation using new models of mathematical regression formula constructed with molar indexes: dental age assessment. Journal of Stomatology, 74(2), 95-100. https://doi.org/10.5114/jos.2021.106540.
dc.identifier.doi10.5114/jos.2021.106540
dc.identifier.eissn2299-551X
dc.identifier.issn0011-4553
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.8/16141
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherTermedia Publishing
dc.relationCentre of Statistics and its Applications
dc.relation.hasversionhttps://www.termedia.pl/Forensic-age-estimation-using-new-models-of-mathematical-regression-formula-constructed-with-molar-indexes-dental-age-assessment,137,44215,0,1.html
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of Stomatology
dc.rights.uriN/A
dc.subjectdental age assessment
dc.subjectmathematical regression formula
dc.subjectmaturity indexes
dc.subjectDemirjian stages
dc.subjectforensic age estimation
dc.titleForensic age estimation using new models of mathematical regression formula constructed with molar indexes: dental age assessmenteng
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardNumberUIDB/00006/2020
oaire.awardTitleCentre of Statistics and its Applications
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDB%2F00006%2F2020/PT
oaire.citation.endPage100
oaire.citation.issue2
oaire.citation.startPage95
oaire.citation.titleJournal of Stomatology
oaire.citation.volume74
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyNameSantos
person.givenNameRui
person.identifier1051057
person.identifier.ciencia-id7610-8B27-8044
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-7371-363X
person.identifier.ridC-1873-2015
person.identifier.scopus-author-id56979441000
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationfba82887-7d94-41f6-a4aa-06b7de054567
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscoveryfba82887-7d94-41f6-a4aa-06b7de054567
relation.isProjectOfPublicatione027eda8-8a0f-43b1-a9e5-689688cf58d5
relation.isProjectOfPublication.latestForDiscoverye027eda8-8a0f-43b1-a9e5-689688cf58d5

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Introduction: In forensic science, age estimation for identification purposes of living and deceased individuals, is of great importance. It is crucial for humanitarian reasons in both civil and criminal cases. Objectives: The aim of this study was to contribute to the process of forensic age estimation using dental age assessment with mineralization stages of Demirjian method, and maturity indexes of permanent mandibular second (I2M) and third molars (I3M). Material and methods: Two samples were used from a Portuguese population; for I2M, 591 orthopantomography’s aged between 7 and 15 years and for I3M, 350 orthopantomography’s aged between 12 and 23 years. Age estimation was obtained using linear regression models, each model was estimated with all observations and without observations, in which I2M or I3M = 0. Results: The results of ICC for intra and interobserver validation varied between 0.608 and 0.999 for both indexes. Pearson correlation coefficient between each index and chronological age showed that all indexes were significantly negatively correlated with chronological age. The standard error of estimate and the mean absolute error were continually low without patients with null index. Conclusions: Application of I2M is reproducible in a Portuguese population for medicallegal application in a population aged 7 to 15 years, when the corresponding index is positive. Third molar must be used only if its index is positive. The inclusion of Demirjian staging in both models significantly increases accuracy.
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