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- A Graph Database Representation of Portuguese Criminal-Related DocumentsPublication . Carnaz, Gonçalo; Nogueira, Vitor Beires; Antunes, MárioOrganizations have been challenged by the need to process an increasing amount of data, both structured and unstructured, retrieved from heterogeneous sources. Criminal investigation police are among these organizations, as they have to manually process a vast number of criminal reports, news articles related to crimes, occurrence and evidence reports, and other unstructured documents. Automatic extraction and representation of data and knowledge in such documents is an essential task to reduce the manual analysis burden and to automate the discovering of names and entities relationships that may exist in a case. This paper presents SEMCrime, a framework used to extract and classify named-entities and relations in Portuguese criminal reports and documents, and represent the data retrieved into a graph database. A 5WH1 (Who, What, Why, Where, When, and How) information extraction method was applied, and a graph database representation was used to store and visualize the relations extracted from the documents. Promising results were obtained with a prototype developed to evaluate the framework, namely a name-entity recognition with an F-Measure of 0.73, and a 5W1H information extraction performance with an F-Measure of 0.65.
- Forensic age estimation using new models of mathematical regression formula constructed with molar indexes: dental age assessmentPublication . Pereira, Cristiana Palmela; Rodrigues, Ana; Augusto, Diana; Santos, Adriana; Salvado, Francisco; Santos, Rui; Cameriere, RobertoIntroduction: In forensic science, age estimation for identification purposes of living and deceased individuals, is of great importance. It is crucial for humanitarian reasons in both civil and criminal cases. Objectives: The aim of this study was to contribute to the process of forensic age estimation using dental age assessment with mineralization stages of Demirjian method, and maturity indexes of permanent mandibular second (I2M) and third molars (I3M). Material and methods: Two samples were used from a Portuguese population; for I2M, 591 orthopantomography’s aged between 7 and 15 years and for I3M, 350 orthopantomography’s aged between 12 and 23 years. Age estimation was obtained using linear regression models, each model was estimated with all observations and without observations, in which I2M or I3M = 0. Results: The results of ICC for intra and interobserver validation varied between 0.608 and 0.999 for both indexes. Pearson correlation coefficient between each index and chronological age showed that all indexes were significantly negatively correlated with chronological age. The standard error of estimate and the mean absolute error were continually low without patients with null index. Conclusions: Application of I2M is reproducible in a Portuguese population for medicallegal application in a population aged 7 to 15 years, when the corresponding index is positive. Third molar must be used only if its index is positive. The inclusion of Demirjian staging in both models significantly increases accuracy.