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- The Effects of a Multi-Sports Program on the Physical Fitness, Quality of Life, and Well-Being of People with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities—A Study ProtocolPublication . Diz, Susana; Costa, Aldo M.; Jacinto, Miguel; Monteiro, Diogo; Amaro, Nuno; Rodrigues, Filipe; Matos, Rui; Antunes, RaulWe intend to develop an intervention program based on sports for people with Intellectual and Developmental Disability (IDD) to analyze its effects on physical fitness, quality of life (QoL), and well-being. The convenience sample will consist of at least 24 participants aged between 18 and 65, of both sexes, who are institutionalized with a previous diagnosis of IDD and no associated comorbidities (e.g., visual impairment or cerebral palsy). The participants will be divided into two groups: (i) the experimental group and (ii) the control group. The experimental group will have a weekly session, lasting 60 min, for 36 weeks. There will be a baseline assessment, a final assessment, and a follow-up assessment (three months after the end of the program). The results of this study are intended to contribute to the development of more assertive community interventions, based on sports, for the benefit of this population.
- The effects of a 24-week exercise intervention and detraining on individuals with Intellectual and Developmental DisabilitiesPublication . Jacinto, Miguel; Monteiro, Diogo; Coelho, Luís; Diz, Susana; Matos, Rui; Amaro, Nuno; Antunes, RaulObjetive Regular physical exercise can promote physical fitness, reduce the risk of chronic diseases, increase independence and success in daily activities, and promote quality of life for individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). On the one hand, if this exercise practice is discontinued or interrupted, the associated beneficial effects can be lost. This study aimed to examine possible changes in body composition and physical and functional fitness variables after regular practice of a physical exercise program, as well as after the same period of detraining. Materials and Methods This study followed a quasi-experimental methodology of 6 months of physical exercise, followed by 6 months of interruption. The sample consisted of 10 individuals with IDD, with an average age of 43.2 years (SD = 9.47). Weight, body mass index, handgrip, Timed Up and Go and Sit to Stand were assessed at initial intervention, post-intervention, and follow-up. Results Participants improved in all variables after the intervention program, but only significantly in the handgrip test (Bonferroni corrected: t = 1.05; p = 0.019; W = 0.21). After 6 months without regular exercise, the participants showed a decline in physical and functional fitness variables, but only in handgrip significantly (p = 0.044). Conclusions Although there are some gains from physical exercise program, there seems to be a loss of these gains after the end of the program. It is therefore recommended to avoid the period of detraining, which is fundamental to promoting the benefits of exercise, healthy ageing, independence, success in carrying out activities of daily living and quality of life.