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- Development of a mixed-meal that impacts carotid-body mediated cardiorespiratory and metabolic parameters - a pilot studyPublication . Frazão, Ana; Costa, Andreia; Teixeira, Bárbara; Santo, Marisa; Brito, Gabriel; Lages, Marlene; Lopes, Nuno Vieira; Fonseca-Pinto, Rui; Pereira, Cidália; Guarino, Maria PedroThe carotid bodies (CB) have been recently implicated in the genesis of metabolic diseases in animal models. The CBs respond to circulating insulin to increase heart rate, respiratory rate and blood glucose levels. In humans, this mechanism is not well characterized.
- Assessing autonomic control of metabolic syndrome by principal component analysis: a data driven methodologyPublication . Fonseca-Pinto, Rui; Lopes, Nuno Vieira; Brito, Gabriel; Lages, Marlene; Guarino, Maria PedroMetabolic diseases are one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Due to its lack of clinical manifestations for long periods, metabolic diseases are generally detected in advanced stages, when the risk of cardiovascular, ocular and renal complications is high. Thus, early detection of these disorders is essential to design effective health promotion strategies. Herein we provide a preliminary approach for the early diagnosis of metabolic diseases based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of autonomic features of sympathovagal Balance (SVB) to characterize the activity of the carotid bodies (CB). CBs are small chemoreceptors located in the bifurcation of the carotid arteries whose overactivation is intimately linked to early stages of metabolic disease through asymptomatic deregulation of the sympathetic nervous system. Herein we discuss parameters that can be extracted from these recordings using a PCA approach in response to two different challenge tests: 100% oxygen and administration of a mixed meal in healthy and type 2 diabetes volunteers. This methodology may represent a paradigm shift in the diagnosis of metabolic diseases through the characterization of CB activity, and aims to bridge the existing gap in early assessment of metabolic dysfunction.
- CBmeter- a new medical device for early screening of metabolic diseasesPublication . Guarino, Maria Pedro; Brito, Gabriel; Lages, Marlene; Fonseca-Pinto, Rui; Lopes, Nuno VieiraType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a highly prevalent disease worldwide which is asymptomatic in about 44% of patients being critical to search for new ways of early diagnosis. Recent studies have demonstrated that the etiology of this disease may be associated with alterations in the function of the carotid body (CB), a chemosensor organ located within the bifurcation of the carotid artery. In animal models of metabolic syndrome it was observed that the CBs are overactivated, underlying diseases such as obesity, hypertension and T2DM. This discovery provided a new paradigm in the neuroendocrinology field, suggesting that diagnostic function of the CBs has predictive value for the development of metabolic diseases. Despite this fact, it is not common in clinical practice to look at the CBs as organs associated with endocrine dysfunction and we believe this is probably due to the nonexistence of a user-friendly, portable medical device that diagnosis the function of the CBs.