Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2025-07"
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- Os livros das imagensPublication . Marmeleira, José
- Characteristics of respiratory rehabilitation programs for people with Parkinson’s disease: a scoping reviewPublication . Loureiro, Ricardo Filipe de Moura; Santana, Elaine dos Santos; Duque, Filipa Margarida Gonçalves; Bernardes, Rafael Alves; Ventura, Filipa Isabel Quaresma; Silva, Rosa Carla Gomes da; Oliveira, Albertina Lima de; Lima, Margarida Pedroso de; Almeida, Maria de Lurdes Ferreira de; Cardoso, Daniela Filipa Batista; Cardoso, Ana Filipa dos Reis Marques; Aromataris, EdoardoObjective: The objective of this review was to map the characteristics of respiratory rehabilitation programs for people with Parkinson's disease. Introduction: Parkinson's disease is a progressive and heterogeneous neurodegenerative disease. Respiratory dysfunction is highly prevalent in people with Parkinson's disease and is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality. People with Parkinson's disease may experience respiratory dysfunction such as ineffective coughing and dyspnea. Complications, such as atelectasis and respiratory infections, significantly impact their self-care and quality of life. To mitigate its impact on people's lives, various respiratory rehabilitation programs have been developed and implemented. Many studies have examined this topic, yet respiratory rehabilitation programs vary significantly in structure and evaluated outcomes. Eligibility criteria: We considered studies focused on respiratory rehabilitation programs implemented to prevent or target one or more symptoms for adults (18 years and older) with Parkinson's disease, regardless of the disease stage. The programs could be provided by any health professional in any health care setting. Methods: We followed JBI methodology for conducting the scoping review, and the results were reported in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). A literature search was conducted across PubMed, CINAHL Complete (EBSCOhost), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (EBSCOhost), the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (EBSCOhost), Scielo, Scopus, PEDro, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Unpublished studies were identified via Google Scholar, DART-Europe, and MedNar. All search strategies were conducted on April 24, 2023. Sources published in English, Spanish, and Portuguese were included and no date restrictions were applied. Study selection and data extraction were conducted independently by 2 reviewers using a standardized extraction tool. Results: Thirty-three studies published between 2001 and 2023 were included. Studies were conducted in the USA, Brazil, Turkey, Chile, Australia, Taiwan, Czechia, Italy, Republic of Korea, Germany, India, and Israel. The sample sizes ranged from 1 participant to 75 participants. The combined sample size of all studies was 1007 participants. Most programs integrated respiratory muscle strength training using devices, targeting people with Parkinson´s disease in Hoehn and Yahr scale stages 1-3. Speech-language pathologists, physiotherapists, and medical doctors were the health professionals responsible for delivering these programs in home-based or clinical settings. A broad spectrum of outcomes related to respiratory function was reported. Additionally, the studies assessed other outcomes such as quality of life, functional capacity, motor symptoms, and fatigue. Conclusions: Respiratory rehabilitation programs for people with Parkinson's disease have predominantly targeted respiratory muscle strength training, without a multidisciplinary approach. More research is needed emphasizing inclusive studies in terms of exercises/interventions in respiratory rehabilitation programs, stages of disease progression, and with the adoption of a multidisciplinary approach. Review registration: OSF https://osf.io/hgajt. Supplemental digital content: A translation of the abstract of this review is available in Portuguese at http://links.lww.com/SRX/A107 .
- A memory failure computational model in Alzheimer-like disease via continuous delayed Hopfield network with Lurie control system based healingPublication . Pinheiro, Rafael Fernandes; Colón, Diego; Fonseca-Pinto, RuiAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a degenerative neurological condition that impacts millions of individuals across the globe and remains without a healing. In the search for new possibilities of treatments for this terrible disease, this work presents the improved Alzheimer-like disease (IALD) model for memory failure and connects it to a new control technique that establishes a cure for the memory lost, either in biological or in artificial neural networks. For the IALD model, continuous Hopfield neural networks (HNN) with time delay are used. From the healing side, a robust control technique is used, which is based on new discoveries in Lurie control systems. In addition, this paper reviews the development of Alzheimer-like disease (ALD) model, as well as, the relationship of HNN with Lurie system. Simulations are executed to validate the model and to show the efficacy of applying a new theorem from Lurie problem. With the results presented, this work proposes a new conceptual paradigm that could potentially be applied in memory failure treatments in AD, as well as in hardware implemented HNN under adversarial attacks or adverse environmental conditions.
- O efeito do greenwashing no consumo ético mediado pela confusão verde e pelo ódio à marcaPublication . Santos, Célia; Coelho, Arnaldo; Marques, AlziraO greenwashing verifica-se quando as empresas enganam os consumidores quanto às suas práticas ambientais ou benefícios dos seus produtos/serviços. Esta investigação centra-se nos impactos dessas práticas no consumo ético e analisa como a confusão verde e o ódio à marca atuam como mediadores nessa relação. Baseado em informações recolhidas por meio de questionário aplicado numa amostra de 420 consumidores portugueses, foi realizado estudo confirmatório, quantitativo e transversal (ou de corte único). A análise foi conduzida através de um modelo de equações estruturais com o software SmartPLS. Os resultados sugerem que o greenwashing aumenta a confusão verde entre os consumidores, dificultando a correta interpretação de aspetos ambientais de um produto/serviço. Além disso, o greenwashing gera emoções negativas extremas, como o ódio à marca. Os resultados também demostram que os consumidores, quando percecionam práticas de greenwashing por parte de uma empresa/marca tendem a deixar de comprar os seus produtos/serviços, optando por alternativas mais éticas e responsáveis. Foi estabelecida relação positiva direta e indireta entre greenwashing e consumo ético. Esta investigação avança o estado da arte, que carece de estudos relacionados com as consequências das práticas de greenwashing e elucida as empresas da necessidade de eliminar essas atividades enganadoras e irresponsáveis. Limitações e oportunidades de estudo futuras são abordadas.
- The Practices of Portuguese Primary Health Care Professionals in Palliative Care Access and Referral: A Focus Group StudyPublication . Barreto, Camila; Silva, Marcelle Miranda da; Fernandes, Ana Fátima Carvalho; Yanez, Romel Jonathan Velasco; Laranjeira, CarlosBackground/Objectives: The prevalence of people with incurable and progressive diseases in primary health care is high. Family doctors and nurses must be active agents in the early identification of palliative needs and the implementation of palliative approaches in cases of low to intermediate complexity. While there is a need for early referral of more complex palliative care (PC) cases to specialized teams, primary health care (PHC) professionals lack the confidence or skill to describe their role. This study sought to explore and describe (a) the practices of PHC professionals regarding their PC provision; (b) the barriers regarding access and referral of patients to specialized PC services; and (c) the strategies used or recommended to mitigate difficulties in accessing and referring to specialized PC. Methods: A descriptive qualitative study was carried out, using five focus groups conducted with nursing and medical staff at three local health units in the central region of Portugal. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, and then recorded, transcribed, and analyzed through a thematic analysis approach. The reporting of this research follows the COREQ checklist. Results: In total, 34 PHC professionals participated in this study. The majority of participants were women (n = 26) and family doctors (n = 24). Their mean age was 43.8 ± 11.9 (range: 29 to 65 years). The findings were organized into three core themes: (1) the contours of palliative action developed by PHC teams; (2) barriers to access and safe transition between PHC and specialized PC; and (3) ways to mitigate difficulties in accessing and referring to specialized PC. Conclusions: Our findings highlight the fundamental role of PHC professionals in providing primary PC, and in identifying PC needs and referring patients to PC early on, while exposing the systemic and interpersonal challenges that hinder these processes. To overcome these challenges, it is essential to invest in the development of integrated care models that promote practical, low-bureaucratic referral processes and capture the human resources necessary for the adequate follow-up of users.
- Refletindo e Investigando a Prática na Educação de Infância: Contributo das narrativas/histórias na evolução do desenho na Educação Pré-EscolarPublication . Fernandes, Inês da Silva; Oliveira, Luis Miguel Gonçalves de; Magueta, Lúcia GraveO presente relatório de Prática de Ensino Supervisionada foi redigido no âmbito do Mestrado em Educação Pré-Escolar. Este documento, está estruturado em três partes, cada uma delas compostas por capítulos e subcapítulos. As partes I e II são dedicadas à dimensão reflexiva centrando-se nas duas primeiras Práticas Pedagógicas desenvolvidas neste mestrado. Destacam-se as principais aprendizagens e os desafios enfrentados, bem como as estratégias adotadas para superar as dificuldades. Além disso, a reflexão é sustentada por um referencial teórico que fundamentou as práticas e orientou a tomada de decisão. A parte III está organizada em dois capítulos. O primeiro capítulo contempla a análise reflexiva sobre a última experiência em contexto de Jardim de Infância da rede pública. O segundo capítulo é dedicado ao estudo investigativo, no qual são analisados os dados recolhidos durante esta última prática. Esta investigação insere-se no paradigma qualitativo, assumindo um caráter descritivo e interpretativo. Trata-se de um estudo caso centrado na observação e análise de desenhos realizados por um grupo de crianças com idades compreendidas entre os cinco e os seis anos. O estudo procura compreender o modo como a escuta ativa de narrativas contribui para a evolução do desenho infantil na Educação Pré-Escolar. Os resultados inferem que a articulação entre a narrativa e o desenho não só fortalece a construção da linguagem visual e simbólica, como também estimula a imaginação, o pensamento abstrato e a capacidade de representar o mundo de forma mais estruturada, intencional e significativa.
- O PAPEL DA REALIDADE AUMENTADA E INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL NA DEMOCRATIZAÇÃO DO ACESSO À CULTURA: UM ESTUDO DE CASOPublication . Alves, Evellyn Mariany Fontes; Cantú, William Afonso; Heidrich, Regina de OliveiraEste estudo teve como objetivo transformar a exposição no Instituto Branco, no Rio de Janeiro, em uma experiência mais acessível e inclusiva, utilizando tecnologias como realidade aumentada (RA), inteligência artificial (IA) e recursos de acessibilidade digital. A exposição, que narra a história do casarão e seu papel no desenvolvimento econômico do Brasil, apresentava barreiras comunicacionais, como textos longos e complexos, falta de recursos multimídia e dependência de mediação humana, que limitavam o engajamento e a compreensão dos visitantes. Para superar esses desafios, foi desenvolvido um aplicativo interativo com recursos de realidade aumentada, áudio-, tradução para Libras, legendas e comunicação alternativa e aumentativa (CAA). Além disso, os textos da exposição foram reescritos utilizando a técnica de Plain Language, simplificando a linguagem e tornando o conteúdo mais acessível. O aplicativo foi projetado seguindo as diretrizes da WCAG (Web Content Accessibility Guidelines) e os princípios do Design Universal, garantindo que pessoas com diferentes deficiências pudessem acessar o conteúdo de forma autônoma. Os testes de usabilidade, realizados com 13 participantes de diversos perfis (incluindo pessoas com deficiência visual, auditiva, idosos e indivíduos com Transtorno do Espectro Autista), validaram a eficácia do aplicativo em promover uma experiência mais inclusiva. Apesar dos desafios identificados, como a necessidade de melhorias na clareza da tradução em Libras e na localização de pontos de interação para pessoas com cegueira total, os participantes relataram maior autonomia e satisfação com o uso do aplicativo. Recursos como áudio e comunicação aumentativa e alternativa foram especialmente elogiados. Os resultados do estudo estão alinhados com as discussões de autores como Sassaki (2003, 2019), Sarraf (2018) e Quinquiolo et al. (2020), que destacam a importância da acessibilidade comunicacional e das tecnologias inclusivas para a promoção da inclusão social. A pesquisa reforçou a relevância de uma abordagem centrada necessidade de ajustes contínuos para garantir que as soluções propostas atendam plenamente às necessidades de todos os públicos. Em conclusão, o estudo demonstrou que a integração de tecnologias digitais e práticas de acessibilidade pode transformar significativamente a experiência dos visitantes em exposições culturais, tornando-as mais inclusivas e democráticas. A experiência do Instituto Branco serve como um modelo para futuras iniciativas em outros contextos culturais e educacionais, reforçando a importância de um compromisso contínuo com a melhoria e a adaptação das soluções propostas. A pesquisa contribui para a literatura sobre acessibilidade em espaços culturais, destacando o potencial das tecnologias para promover a inclusão e o acesso à cultura para todos.
- Burnout protective patterns among oncology nurses: a cross-sectional study using machine learning analysisPublication . Rocha, Ana; Costeira, Cristina; Barbosa, Raul; Gonçalves, Florbela; Castelo-Branco, Miguel; Viana, Joaquim; Gaudêncio, Margarida; Ventura, FilipaBackground Oncology nurses face unique and intense demands due to the nature of their work, caring for patients with life-threatening illnesses. The emergence of professional burnout among these nurses is influenced by several factors, highlighting the importance of identifying protective and risk factors to mitigate its impact. This study aims to identify burnout profiles and protective socio-demographic and work-related patterns associated with reduced burnout among oncology nurses. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with 150 oncology nurses at a specialized hospital exclusively dedicated to adult oncology treatment in Portugal. Data collection included a self-administered questionnaire incorporating the validated Portuguese version of Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS and machine learning tools, specifically KMeans clustering and Random Forest algorithms. Results Six protective patterns against burnout were identified, characterized by conditions of permanent contracts, work-life balance, and supportive work environments. Moreover, factors such as holding management roles and being a parent of two or more children might even be protective in some circumstances, suggesting a nuanced relation between personal and professional factors. Machine learning analyses made apparent the unpredictability of burnout and highlighted the critical role of protective factors in mitigating its impact. Conclusions This study underscores the importance of resilience-building strategies and promoting protective factors, such as job stability, learned experience, and adequate rest, to reduce burnout risk among oncology nurses. Future research should validate these findings through hypothesis-driven analyses to inform targeted and context-specific burnout prevention programs.
- Retention of minerals, antioxidants, pigments, and glucosinolates by broccoli florets and green bean pods boiled in alkaline, neutral and acidic watersPublication . Ribeiro, Vânia S.; Cruz, Pedro F.; Almeida, Zaida L.; Silva, Cândida G.; Silva, Maria Isabel; Silva, Inês S.; Santos, Liliana R.; Santos, Marta T.; Guimarães, Carla; Brito, Rui M.M.; Guerra, Mauro; Reboredo, Fernando; Pereira, Cidália D.; Vaz, Daniela C.Given the poor palatability and chewability of crude green bean pods (Phaseolus vulgaris) and broccoli florets (Brassica oleracea var. italica Plenck) these vegetables are generally microwaved, steamed or water boiled. Hence, here, we evaluated the contents of minerals, antioxidants, phenolics, glucosinolates, pigments, colour, texture and flavour of water-boiling broccoli and green bean pods, with four mineral waters with variable composition and pH. Plant matrices were characterized by High Resolution Magic-Angle Spinning (HR-MAS) and plant extracts were analysed by pseudo-2D Diffusion-ordered nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Mineral waters ranging from acidic to neutral and alkaline were used and the colour properties (lightness, greenness/yellowness, colour saturation and hue angles), minerals and bioactive contents retained by the vegetables were compared to microwaved and steamed material. Boiling bean pods for 5 min extracted more polyphenols and antioxidants, particularly with more acidic waters, than 5 min of microwaving or steaming. However, even if boiling broccoli with more acidic water could better preserve glucosinolates, the food material presented lower retention of pigments and poor palatability. Cooking with more alkaline water increased mineral retention and broccoli greenness, also leading to highest scores in “colour”, “texture”, and “flavour”. Hence, samples cooked in more alkaline water presented higher acceptability.
- Ink of Empowerment: Moroccan Women’s Unwritten StoriesPublication . Saloua, Rmita; Pinto, João Carlos de JesusVisual representation is a powerful tool for promoting empathy and understanding by associating symbols and images with narratives, thereby cultivating deeper emotional connections (Morgan, 2018). This dissertation employs graphic design as a medium to challenge societal perceptions of Moroccan women and amplify their voices through accessible and purpose-driven storytelling. The study examines the cultural norms, stereotypes, and systemic challenges shaping the lived experiences of Moroccan women. Using a mixed-methods approach, including qualitative interviews and cultural analyses, six case studies highlight shared struggles across diverse social, political, and economic contexts. These narratives highlight the enduring issues often silenced within Moroccan society and advocate for the reclamation of women’s stories as a pivotal step toward societal transformation. Guided by decolonizing design principles, the project rejects colonial portrayals that have historically reduced Moroccan women to passive roles (Goh, 2021). By incorporating culturally resonant design elements drawn from Moroccan heritage, the work establishes a visual language that both celebrates and empowers. The resulting storytelling initiative seeks to transform societal perspectives, offering a multifaceted and inclusive portrayal of Moroccan women’s lived realities. Ultimately, this dissertation contributes to both design studies and gender discourse by providing a structured framework for decolonized visual storytelling in Morocco.