Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2024-07-30"
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- Digital Forensic Artifacts of FIDO2 Passkeys in Windows 11Publication . Domingues, Patricio; Frade, Miguel; Negrão, MiguelFIDO2’s passkey aims to provide a passwordless authentication solution. It relies on two main protocols – WebAuthn and CTAP2 – for authentication in computer systems, relieving users from the burden of using and managing passwords. FIDO2’s passkey leverages asymmetric cryptography to create a unique public/private key pair for website authentication. While the public key is kept at the website/application, the private key is created and stored on the authentication device designated as the authenticator. The authenticator can be the computer itself – same-device signing –, or another device – cross-device signing –, such as an Android smartphone that connects to the computer through a short-range communication method (NFC, Bluetooth). Authentication is performed by the user unlocking the authenticator device. In this paper, we report on the digital forensic artifacts left on Windows 11 systems by registering and using passkeys to authenticate on websites. We show that digital artifacts are created in Windows Registry and Windows Event Log. These artifacts enable the precise dating and timing of passkey registration, as well as the usage and identification of the websites on which they have been activated and utilized. We also identify digital artifacts created when Android smartphones are registered and used as authenticators in a Windows system. This can prove useful in detecting the existence of smartphones linked to a given individual.
- Robot Gripper Technologies For Stiff Fabric PadsPublication . Kumar, Vivek; Neves, Carlos Fernando Couceiro de Sousa; Coelho, Paulo Jorge SimõesThe project involves identifying, developing, and characterising robot gripper technologies for a specific material and its application. The target part is made of compressed non-woven polymer fabric material. It is used for its acoustic properties in the automotive industry, in the form of small pads that are subjected to over-moulding via plastic injection. The defining properties of the material are its porosity and rough texture due to the fibrous structure; but unlike textiles sheets, it is rigid and maintains its shape. These features pose a challenge to automate its handling process which is currently done manually in the industry. A survey was conducted for both commercially available grippers and scholarly descriptions of the respective technologies. This was done in two distinct ways, namely, first through a hunt for an exhaustive list of techniques and secondly, with a systematic literature review to assess the latest advancements. The applicable methods found were classified by their underlying principles into five groups: pneumatic-based, intrusive mechanisms, surface attraction, mechanical grabbing, and hybrid technologies. Next, a structured investigation ensued from which a handful of articles were obtained. These reports of recently developed techniques and optimization strategies, including the use of sensors and predictive simulations, are discussed in detail. The second phase of the project was the construction and testing of simplified prototypes. Gripper models using vacuum suction cups, high airflow vacuum, Bernoulli ejectors, needle penetration, Velcro, adhesive tapes, cryogenics, mechanical friction, and electro-adhesion were designed and fabricated. Multiple parameters and configurations were examined in relation to each technique. Primarily, the grip strength in both the normal and the shear directions were quantified using a standard procedure and a custom force measurement system. This included an industrial robot on which the grippers were mounted and then used to pull the fabric pad until it disengaged. The average maximum force data were used to compare the grippers, along with any damage that was caused to the pad during the tests. Overall, this study provides descriptions of applicable technologies and optimization methods that are available to engineers. Benchmarking grip strength data for some of the mechanisms are presented as well. Thus, it lays the foundation for future developments which may use the test results to gauge the capabilities of various grippers.