Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2023-01"
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- Detection of Patients at Risk of Multidrug-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Infection Using Graph Neural Networks: A Retrospective StudyPublication . Gouareb, Racha; Bornet, Alban; Proios, Dimitrios; Pereira, Sónia Gonçalves; Teodoro, DouglasBackground: While Enterobacteriaceae bacteria are commonly found in the healthy human gut, their colonization of other body parts can potentially evolve into serious infections and health threats. We investigate a graph-based machine learning model to predict risks of inpatient colonization by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Enterobacteriaceae. Methods: Colonization prediction was defined as a binary task, where the goal is to predict whether a patient is colonized by MDR Enterobacteriaceae in an undesirable body part during their hospital stay. To capture topological features, interactions among patients and healthcare workers were modeled using a graph structure, where patients are described by nodes and their interactions are described by edges. Then, a graph neural network (GNN) model was trained to learn colonization patterns from the patient network enriched with clinical and spatiotemporal features. Results: The GNN model achieves performance between 0.91 and 0.96 area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) when trained in inductive and transductive settings, respectively, up to 8% above a logistic regression baseline (0.88). Comparing network topologies, the configuration considering ward-related edges (0.91 inductive, 0.96 transductive) outperforms the configurations considering caregiver-related edges (0.88, 0.89) and both types of edges (0.90, 0.94). For the top 3 most prevalent MDR Enterobacteriaceae, the AUROC varies from 0.94 for Citrobacter freundii up to 0.98 for Enterobacter cloacae using the best-performing GNN model. Conclusion: Topological features via graph modeling improve the performance of machine learning models for Enterobacteriaceae colonization prediction. GNNs could be used to support infection prevention and control programs to detect patients at risk of colonization by MDR Enterobacteriaceae and other bacteria families.
- Pole dance: More than sport. An insight in portuguese realityPublication . Sousa, Jenny; Oliveira, Lisete TrindadePole dancing is a sport with a specific competition code of points, divisions and categories, rules and penalties. However there are other reasons beyond the practice of sport that led individuals to seek and maintain in pole dance. This modality presents unique characteristics that distinguish it from other sport activities and is gathering more and more support in Portuguese context. As so, and given the few studies devoted to Portuguese reality, the aim of this investigation was to deepen the knowledge about the practice of pole dancing in Portugal, knowing the motivations that lead the individuals to initiate themselves in this modality, the benefits and the motives they recognize to continue practicing. In data collection, the questionnaire survey was privileged, made with closed-answer and open-answer questions, addressed to Portuguese pole dancing schools and to the Associação Portuguesa de Varão Desportivo (APVD), having participated in the study a total of 99 persons. The results obtained through statistical content analysis, revealed that the motives to initiate this practice are varied and reflect some lack of knowledge of this modality, as curiosity and the wish to experience something new and that it is disruptive emerges as primary purposes. When benefits are addressed, psychological, physical and social gains emerge. When referring the motives to stay in the pole dance, personal overcoming is highlighted as the main reason.
- How weekly monitoring variables influence players’ and teams’ match performance in elite futsal playersPublication . Ribeiro, João Nuno; Monteiro, Diogo; Sampaio, Jaime; Couceiro, Micael; Travassos, BrunoThis study aimed to investigate how weekly training load constrains the performance of players and teams in official futsal competitions. Data from a professional male team were collected during two seasons (46 weeks). The applied monitoring system analysed the training load (as measured by session perceived exertion, sRPE), the total recovery status (TQR), the well-being score (WBs) and the variability of neuromuscular performance during each week (CMJ-cv). In addition, the performance was assessed for all the matches. A path analysis model was performed to test the associations across variables. Results from the path analysis model revealed that it explains 31% of the teams’ performance. In general, the results show that previous team performance has no significant effects on the training week. A significant negative relationship was found between CMJ-cv and match performance (β = -.34; CI95% -.359 to -.070), as well as a significant negative relationship between players’ match performance and the team’s match performance (β = -.55; CI95% -.292 to .740). Regarding indirect effects, only a negative association between CMJ-cv and team match performance via players’ match performance (β = -.19; CI95% -.342 to -.049) was identified. The small variation of the weekly CMJ (CMJ-cv) seems to be a key variable to monitor and explain both player and team performance. Based on this model, and only looking at the physical variables, it was possible to explain 31% of the team’s performance. Longitudinal and multi-team studies should be conducted to integrate other technical, tactical and psychological variables that allow the level of understanding of players’ and teams’ performance to be improved.
- Supercritical fluid technology for agrifood materials processingPublication . Braga, Mara E M; Gaspar, M. C.; de Sousa, Hermínio CSupercritical fluid technology has been applied in the food area for processing and preserving food products and/or monitoring the food quality, with known advantages. The main solvent used at supercritical conditions for food applications is carbon dioxide. Some examples are presented, from the traditional decaffeination of coffee up to the micronization of vanilla, passing through innovative processes such as the extrusion of protein-based snacks and drying of beetroot. The gap between research and industries is addressed, mainly due to a lack of data about food chemical changes that may occur during some processes, as well as technical data. However, this is an area in clear expansion and probably, in the future, we will have a menu composed of meals prepared by supercritical methods.
- RespirArFundo: Um programa de promoção de exercício físico em professores e funcionários em contexto escolar - Estudo quantitativo e qualitativoPublication . Brito, Sara; Morouço, Pedro; Matos, Rui; Alves, Ana; Frontini, Roberta; Silva, Marlene; Antunes, RaulO projeto RespirArFundo, através de uma metodologia mista quantitativa e qualitativa teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito de um programa de intervenção (22 “sessões teórico-práticas”), com realização de diferentes tipos de atividades, para melhorar os níveis de aptidão física, bem-estar e qualidade de vida (QdV) em professores e funcionários de uma escola secundária da região centro de Portugal. Pretendeu-se ainda avaliar os níveis de satisfação dos participantes com o projeto e identificar as principais barreiras e facilitadores à sua participação. A fase de intervenção deste projeto decorreu entre janeiro e junho de 2021. A amostra foi constituída por 26 profissionais da escola (19 professores e 7 funcionários não docentes), sendo na sua maioria (92.3%) do sexo feminino (53.7 ± 5.0 anos). Para a avaliação da aptidão física foram utilizados os testes “levantar e sentar da cadeira”, “levantar, percorrer 2.44m e sentar” e o “teste de preensão manual”. Para a avaliação do bem-estar recorreu-se às escalas PANAS, SWLS e SVS enquanto o WHOQOL-Bref foi utilizado para a avaliação da QdV. Foi ainda realizado um grupo focal. Apóso programa, verificou-se que os participantes melhoraram no teste “levantar e sentar na cadeira” (η2=0.51), em relação ao momento inicial. Para além disso, os participantes revelaram níveis elevados de satisfação com o programa e percecionaram a existência de benefícios físicos e de bem-estar associados ao projeto, adotando hábitos saudáveis. A importância do projeto foi reconhecida pela Direção da escola, tendo sido atribuídas horas específicas para que o projeto continuassea funcionar nos seguintes anos letivos.
- Letter to the Editor regarding “Suboptimal control of cardiovascular risk factor control in myocardial infarction survivors in a cardiac rehabilitation program”Publication . Antunes, Alexandre; Cabral, Margarida; Morais, JoãoIn this letter, we report on the experience of the Leiria Hospital Center CR unit, highlighting that in the analysis of our first patient series in which 68 patients had finished the phase II program, 66% achieved both ESC guideline LDL-C targets and 82% achieved one or other of the two targets. Nota: excerto retirado da carta ao Editor.
- The Mediation Role of Perceived Benefits and Barriers in the Relationship Between Support Provided by Significant Others and Physical Activity of AdolescentsPublication . Rodrigues, F.; Monteiro, D.; Lopes, Vítor P.We investigated whether the relationship between significant others’ social support and adolescents’ physical activity (PA) is mediated by perceived barriers and benefits of PA. In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed data from 497 adolescents (girls = 272, boys = 225) aged between 12-18 years (M = 15.87, SD = 1.43) from six different middle and secondary schools. We collected data regarding social cognitive variables and PA with self-report measures and calculated the metabolic equivalent of total amount PA. We performed structural equation modeling and mediation analyses and found our proposed models fit the data. In girls, perceived PA benefits mediated the association between support provided by friends (β = .13; IC 95% = .02 .29), a best friend (β = .14; IC 95% = .03, .33), and parents (β = .07; IC 95% = .01, .18), and PA. Similarly in boys, perceived PA benefits partially mediated the association between support provided by parents (β = .09; IC 95% = .04, .37), friends (β = .11; IC 95% = .05, .40), and a best friend (β = .10; IC 95% = .05, .40) and PA. Perceived barriers to PA did not display any significant mediation role for either sex. Interventions to foster others’ support for PA, especially from a best friend, are important for promoting PA among adolescents.
- RELATÓRIO DE ESTÁGIOPublication . Carreira, Bruna Gouveia; Barros, Teresa Madalena Kraus Brincheiro HüttelEfetuou-se uma análise reflexiva quanto às competências do Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Saúde familiar desenvolvidas, tendo-se implementado uma revisão scoping (RS) para dar resposta à problemática, emergente, sobre a comunicação no relacionamento conjugal. Principalmente na maturidade e na velhice, a qualidade da comunicação no relacionamento conjugal, tem sido descrita como determinante para a saúde e o bem-estar psicológico e social, não apenas do casal, mas de toda a família (Costa, 2015). Trata-se de um estudo secundário, com pesquisa de artigos publicados no espaço temporal entre os anos 2003 e 2021. Para a pesquisa foram consultadas cinco bases de dados: EBSCO, MEDLINE complete e CINAHL complete, a B-ON, a SCIELO e Google Académico, tendo o acervo sido construído por 11 estudos, qualitativos. A qualidade metodológica foi aferida pela checklist de avaliação crítica para estudos transversais do Joanna Briggs Institute (2015). Objetivos: compreender a importância da comunicação no relacionamento conjugal e identificar quais as intervenções complexas do enfermeiro de família na promoção da comunicação no relacionamento conjugal. Resultados: Os enfermeiros identificam grande parte dos problemas de comunicação no relacionamento conjugal, porém consideram não estarem habilitados para atuar neste contexto, por falta de formação específica, sugerindo-se mais aprofundamento sobre o tema, tendo em vista o momento atual. O enfermeiro pode trabalhar em carácter preventivo, utilizando técnicas e estratégias que contribuem para a redução da tensão, medo, solução de problemas, treinos de comunicação verbal ou não-verbal. Também deve verificar quais as forças que mantêm o casal juntos, pois conhecer essas forças indica como o casal se irá comportar na terapia. Conclusão: O estágio permitiu o desenvolvimento gradual das competências comuns e específicas do Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Saúde Familiar, preconizadas pela Ordem dos Enfermeiros. A RS permitiu concluir que perante a dualidade da comunicação conjugal, de resgatar, o enfermeiro especialista em saúde familiar, habilitado, pode funcionar como mediador, orientando o casal na descoberta dos seus recursos para comunicar eficazmente e viver de forma autêntica e saudável.
- Intervenção de Enfermagem ao casal com filhos, com disfunção sexual, na transição para a parentalidadePublication . Dionísio, Luís Miguel Cardoso; Silva, Célia Maria Jordão SimõesEnquadramento: O presente relatório reporta-se ao estágio de natureza profissional desenvolvido na Unidade de Saúde Familiar no Bombarral. Objetivo: Descrever e refletir sobre o percurso desenvolvido no contexto da prática clínica na aquisição de competências específicas em enfermagem de saúde familiar. Assim como, apresentar uma revisão sistemática de literatura com o título "Intervenção ao casal com filhos, com disfunção sexual, na transição para a parentalidade” desenvolvida em contexto de estágio. Com os objetivos gerais:1) compreender qual a intervenção do enfermeiro especialista em enfermagem de saúde familiar ao casal com filhos, com disfunção sexual na transição para a parentalidade; 2) aprofundar competências e conhecimento técnico, científico e humano acerca da temática da sexualidade e disfuncionalidade sexual, através da RSL com recurso à mnemónica PICO. Metodologia: Revisão sistemática de literatura com metodologia: PICO para dar resposta à questão: Quais as intervenções do enfermeiro especialista em Enfermagem de Saúde Familiar ao casal com filhos, com disfunção sexual, na transição para a parentalidade? Como critérios de inclusão foram definidos estudos de natureza qualitativa ou quantitativa, num horizonte temporal de 5 anos (2017-2022), em língua inglesa ou portuguesa e de outras áreas de conhecimento que não Enfermagem que consigam dar resposta à questão PICO. Os motores de busca consultados foram: EBSCO Host (CINAHL Complete; Medline Complete; Nursing&Allied Health Collection- comprehensive; MedicLatina) Pubmed e B-On. A pesquisa foi efetuada no dia 22 de janeiro de 2022, tendo sido encontrados 158 artigos. Os artigos foram analisados segundo os critérios de inclusão e exclusão estabelecidos e de acordo com o diagrama PRISMA Diagram Flow. (Apêndice VIII) Resultados: Após seleção foram incluídos três artigos específicos para responder à problemática identificada.
- Exploring the Major Trends and Emerging Themes of Artificial Intelligence in the Scientific Leading Journals amidst the COVID-19 EraPublication . Soliman, Mohammad; Fatnassi, Tarek; Elgammal, Islam; Figueiredo, RonnieArtificial intelligence (AI) has recently become the focus of academia and practitioners, reflecting the substantial evolution of scientific production in this area, particularly during the COVID-19 era. However, there is no known academic work exploring the major trends and the extant and emerging themes of scientific research production of AI leading journals. To this end, this study is to specify the research progress on AI among the top-tier journals by highlighting the development of its trends, topics, and key themes. This article employs an integrated bibliometric analysis using evaluative and relational metrics to analyze, map, and outline the key trends and themes of articles published in the leading AI academic journals, based on the latest CiteScore of Scopus-indexed journals between 2020 and 2021. The findings depict the major trends, conceptual and social structures, and key themes of AI leading journals’ publications during the given period. This paper represents valuable implications for concerned scholars, research centers, higher education institutions, and various organizations within different domains. Limitations and directions for further research are outlined.