Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2021-09"
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- Anastomotic Leak in Colorectal Cancer Surgery: From Diagnosis to Management or Failure - A Retrospective Cohort StudyPublication . Rama, Nuno; Parente, Diana; Silva, Cândida G.; Neves, Miguel; Figueiredo, Nuno; Alves, Paulo; Amado, Sandra; Lourenço, Óscar; Guarino, Maria Pedro; Rocha, Anabela; Castro-Poças, Fernando; Pimentel, JoãoAnastomotic leakage (AL) after colorectal resections is a common surgical experience and the most frequent major adverse outcome. Early recognition of AL is critical to reduce mortality. We aim to evaluate the incidence, diagnostic criteria, morbidity, and mortality related with AL.
- Handgrip strength percentiles for Portuguese older adults: use and validity for undernutrition screening in hospitalized older adultsPublication . Carvalho, Vítor; Sousa, Ana S.; Amaral, Teresa F.; Guerra, Rita S.
- Lexical acquisition of European Portuguesa without barriers: state of the artPublication . Veloso, Raúl; Mateus, Beatriz; Alexandre, Marta Filipe; Pós de Mina, Sónia; Pinto, CarinaIntroduction: Acquisition of lexicon and morphological constituents is a topic of interest in several areas of knowledge. However, there is no research focused on European Portuguese. Aim: We carry out a systematic review of the literature, in order to identify and analyze the research related to this theme and contribute to its development. Methods: Three steps were considered: i) definition of the review objective; ii) identification of the literature; and iii) selection of studies to include. These are fundamental steps, as they provide support to researchers to formulate and adapt research questions based on the information acquired (Sampoio & Mancini, 2007). Some examples of keywords for this revision are in Portuguese: léxico, linguagem, complexidade morfológica, desenvolvimento morfológico, aquisição da gramática and in English: lexical acquisition, lexical development, language development, morphological development, verb aquisition. The databases for the research were: Education Resources Information Center (ERIC); Research Gate; B-On; Pub- Med/MedLine; CambridgeCore; SciELO and Cochrane. Finally, inclusion criteria were set: Studies of morphology and lexicon; studies that include children up to 6 years of age; studies related to the typical development of the Language; studies related to monolingual acquisition and development and studies in English and Romance languages such as Spanish and Portuguese. Conclusion: After applying the inclusion criteria, we were able to find 281 articles to analyze. The preliminary analysis allows us to state that there are no specific data, for European Portuguese, about the ages of acquisition of grammatical classes. The acquisition of morphological constituents has also not been studied in European Portuguese. We found studies for Brazilian Portuguese and English that may be a ground base for future studies in European Portuguese.
- Relationship between fatigue, physical activity and health-related factors in COPDPublication . Vieira, Ana; Dias, Diana; Miguel, Eunice; Matos, Telma; Flora, Sofia; Silva, Cândida G.; Morais, Nuno; Oliveira, Ana; Caceiro, Rúben; Silva, Fernando; Ribeiro, José; Silva, Sónia; Martins, Vitória; Valente, Carla; Burtin, Chris; Brooks, Dina; Marques, Alda; Cruz, JoanaFatigue is highly prevalent in COPD and may be associated with reduced physical activity (PA) and poor outcomes. This study explored the relationship between fatigue, objectively measured PA and health-related factors in people with COPD. Fatigue was assessed with the Checklist of Individual Strength (CIS20) and CIS20-Subjective Fatigue (CIS20-SF) and PA with Actigraph GT3X monitors (moderate-to-vigorous PA, MVPA; total PA; steps/day). Dyspnoea (modified Medical Research Council, mMRC), exercise tolerance (6-min walk distance, 6MWD), lung function (spirometry) and GOLD A-D were collected. Spearman (ρ) and Pearson (r) correlations and multiple regressions were performed. Variables entered the model if correlation≥0.2. 54 patients participated (68±7 years; 82% men) and 69% reported fatigue (CIS20-SF≥27). Fatigue was significantly correlated with MVPA, steps/day, mMRC, 6MWD, GOLD A-D and FEV1pp (Table 1). In regression models for CIS20 (p=.001; r2=.61) and CIS20-SF (p=.003; r2=.56), dyspnoea was the only significant variable. People with higher scores of fatigue present lower PA levels, although the relationship is weak. Dyspnoea appears to have the largest influence on fatigue.
- Sustainability and Automation in Smart ConstructionsPublication . Rodrigues, Hugo; Gaspar, Florindo; Fernandes, Paulo; Mateus, ArturThis book gathers outstanding papers presented at the Conference on Automation Innovation in Construction (CIAC-2019). In recent years, there have been significant transformations in the construction sector regarding production and the use of computers and automation to create smart and autonomous systems. At the same time, innovative construction materials and alternative technologies are crucial to overcoming the challenges currently facing the building materials industry. The book presents numerous examples of smart construction technologies, discusses the applications of new construction materials and technologies, and includes studies on recent trends in automation as applied to the construction sector.
- Dois textos inéditos, com ideal franciscano, de Afonso Lopes VieiraPublication . Nobre, CristinaO artigo faz a partilha e análise de dois textos manuscritos que se enquadram na tipologia de textos inéditos de Afonso Lopes Vieira, sob um ideal franciscano.
- Saúde das Mulheres em Cabo VerdePublication . Henriques, Carolina; Frade, João; Santos, PauloFalarmos da saúde das mulheres é falarmos da saúde genésica das populações, já que as mulheres são as principais responsáveis pelo cuidado ao outro. Neste estudo procurámos conhecer a saúde e o bemestar das mulheres em cabo verde, seja a nível físico, seja do ponto de vista emocional, através de um estudo quantitativo e descritivo, dirigido a 104 mulheres cabo-verdianas. Os dados mostram-nos que é necessário investirmos na saúde da mulher em Cabo-Verde, já que as experiências de doença nas mulheres tendem a ser ocultadas e vivenciadas em silêncio, parecendo que a mulher carrega o fardo da resignação e sofrimento, já que as mulheres cabo-verdianas tendem a continuar como de costume, guardando esse facto somente para elas.
- Low-resource settingsPublication . Alison, Jennifer A.; Cruz, Joana; Gimeno-Santos, ElenaLow-resource settings are defined as those where there is limited equipment and facilities for exercise testing and/or training, poor funding and infrastructure, low levels of staffing and/or lack of staff with qualifications for providing PR. Emerging evidence suggests that endurance and resistance training programmes that require minimal equipment suitable for low-resource settings, such as walking training and elastic resistance bands, may improve functional exercise capacity, muscle strength and HRQoL. However, the number and overall quality of studies is low and further robust research is needed. In low-resource settings, ongoing issues include the lack of availability of HCPs with the expertise to provide PR, no evaluation of the effectiveness of education or self-management components of PR in these settings, and difficulties for patients to attend supervised sessions. However, there is some weak evidence that following centre-based assessment and education, unsupervised home PR programmes may improve health outcomes for people with COPD.
- Oral Motricity in preschool children with speech sound disorders: preliminary studyPublication . Pós de Mina, Sónia; Martins, Fernando; Guimarães, IsabelIntroduction: Speech Sound Disorders (SSD) is a developmental disorder for which sensorimotor and cognitive-linguistic aspects contribute. These include perceptive capacity, phonological and articulatory representation of the language impairing the speech segments, and the phonotactic and prosodic elements, resulting in different degrees of intelligibility. Aim: Verify the existence of differences in oral motricity according to age and the diagnosis of SSD. Methods: Case-control study with 107 children with typical development and SSD matched for age (in months), between 4 and 5;11. The evaluation was carried out with the PAOF-2 (Protocolo de Avaliação OroFacial, versão 2) (Guimarães et al., 2021). The statistical analysis of the two domains of PAOF-2 (Structure and Mobility) was performed using the Mann- Whitney test. Results: There are no statistically significant differences between the groups in the structure domain at 4 (U=236.5, p=0.182) and 5 (U=344.5, p=0.578) years of age. In the mobility domain, children aged five years old with SSD have significantly lower performance than children without SSD in diadochokinetic oral movement (pá-tá-ká) (U=227.00 p=0.005). Preliminary data point to an evolution in the orofacial motricity of children with and without SSD, but children with SSD present a different evolution with a lower magnitude than children without SSD. All male children with SSD perform worse than female children. Conclusions: The performance of oral diadochokinesia in 5-year-old children with PSF is significantly lower than in 5-year- old children without PSF. The oromotor development pattern of children with PSF is different from that of children without PSF.
- SpeechToText: An open-source software for automatic detection and transcription of voice recordings in digital forensicsPublication . Negrão, Miguel; Domingues, PatrícioVoice is the most natural way for humans to communicate with each other, and more recently, to interact with voice controlled digital machines. Although text is predominant in digital platforms, voice and video are becoming increasingly important, with communication applications supporting voice messages and videos. This is relevant for digital forensic examinations, as content held in voice format can hold relevant evidence for the investigation. In this paper, we present the open source SpeechToText software, which resorts to state-of-the art Voice Activity Detection (VAD) and Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) modules to detect voice content, and then to transcribe it to text. This allows integrating voice content into the regular flow of a digital forensic investigation, with transcribed audio indexed by text search engines. Although SpeechToText can be run independently, it also provides a Jython-based software module for the well-known Autopsy software. The paper also analyzes the availability, storage location and audio format of voice-recorded content in 14 popular Android applications featuring voice recordings. SpeechToText achieves 100% accuracy for detecting voice in unencrypted audio/video files, a word error rate (WER) of 27.2% when transcribing English voice messages by non-native speakers and a WER of 7.80% for the test-clean set of LibriSpeech. It achieves a real time factor of 0.15 for the detection and transcription process in a medium-range laptop, meaning that 1 min of speech is processed in roughly 9 s.
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