Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2019-11-07"
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- Laying Ground for Automated Manhole Inspection – a ReviewPublication . Jorge, Filipe; Costelha, Hugo; Neves, CarlosAlthough advances have been made in reducing the time needed for manhole inspection, the procedure is still mostly done manually, with workers having to enter and visually assess the areas being inspected. There is also a growing need to have these structures inspected regularly, in order to prevent casualties and services interruption, as well as the higher cost of rebuilding instead of repairing these structures, which is possible only if pathologies are identified at early stages. This situation renders the task a good target for automation. This paper reviews a set of existing manhole, tunnel and duct inspection systems to ascertain the main features required for the task, as well as the technologies currently used. Most of the present-day solutions are rather expensive and cumbersome, requiring the deployment of relatively heavy equipment and specialized personnel to operate them. With the recent development of laser range sensors and depth (RGBD) cameras with small form factors and weights, the development of solutions with higher portability and lower cost become feasible. Such a solution could improve considerably the rate at which manholes are inspected, and the technology could be used to generate textured models to be analyzed and reported by a remotely located specialist, both online and offline. The work presented here lays the ground for the development of such a system in our research group who has been working on low-cost systems for the generation of 3D textured models for automated inspection.
- Study of the Laser Metal Deposition (LMD) technology, in the automotive industryPublication . Ramalho, Francisco Miguel Quaresma; Alves, Maria Leopoldina Mendes Ribeiro de Sousa; Correia, Mário António SimõesThe last few decades in the automotive industry have been marked by a heavy concern with the environment, saving energy and reducing material wastage, while aiming to maintain good mechanical properties, essential in the components usage. Additive manufacturing (AM) techniques present themselves as a viable option in the matter, with Laser Metal Deposition (LMD), rising as one of the most promising techniques within this category, capable of producing near-net shape components, with a layer upon layer construction of three-dimensional solid parts from a 3D CAD model, with good mechanical properties and acceptable surface finishing. Laser Metal Deposition is a relatively recent technique, which is made noticeable by the lack of clarification about the influence of several parameters in the final component’s characteristics, ultimately leading to a scarce availability of the process in the market. This paper aims to clarify and evaluate, how LMD produced parts can suit the automotive industry, by measuring and analysing their behaviour under several mechanical tests.
- Um olhar sobre a (in)disciplina na sala de aulaPublication . Oliveira, Maria do Rosário Jorge de; Barreto, Maria Antónia Belchior FerreiraUm olhar sobre a (in)disciplina na sala de aula, centrado na perceção que os professores de um Agrupamento de Escolas têm dessa realidade, é o tema deste trabalho. No enquadramento teórico dos conceitos de disciplina e educação e de indisciplina e organização, procurou-se fundamentar a temática, para aplicar no estudo de caso realizado numa escola da Zona Centro do País. A disciplina é importante na obtenção do sucesso educativo, assumindo a relação pedagógica, com as suas dimensões espaciotemporais, relacionais e comunicacionais, um papel fundamental para a consecução dessa finalidade. Na sala de aula a indisciplina apresenta três níveis, segundo a categorização de João Amado, que envolvem o incumprimento das regras e normas estabelecidas, e os comportamentos disruptivos que acontecem nas relações entre pares e nas relações entre professor e aluno(s). A investigação sobre a perceção dos professores do fenómeno da (in)disciplina na sala de aula, nos três ciclos do Ensino Básico, privilegiou uma abordagem qualitativa, na análise de conteúdo das entrevistas, sendo complementada com a quantificação dos dados recolhidos nos inquéritos. Com o objetivo de compreender os comportamentos indisciplinados, as medidas disciplinares e as dinâmicas organizacionais para lidar com esta problemática, foram tratados e analisados os dados recolhidos de modo articulado. Verificou-se uma relação inversa quanto ao nível de gravidade e de frequência do comportamento indisciplinado, a necessidade de aplicar medidas disciplinares, embora a ação preventiva seja a mais desejável, e o papel ativo dos professores e dos órgãos de gestão pedagógica na resolução das situações de indisciplina que ocorrem na escola, concretamente na sala de aula. Finalmente, consideramos que este estudo ao conhecer e refletir sobre as relações interpessoais e as práticas pedagógicas do Agrupamento, pode contribuir para a melhoria contínua do clima escolar e para o sucesso educativo.