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- Survey and Characterisation of Founder’s Chapel Pathologies of the Santa Maria da Vitoria Monastery, BatalhaPublication . Vazão, Flávio; Gaspar, Florindo; Rodrigues, HugoThe Monastery of Santa Maria da Vitória, also known as the Monastery of Batalha, is one of the most beautiful examples of Portuguese and European architecture and has been part of the UNESCO World Heritage list. The construction took over 150 years, across various phases, and composed by several styles namely: gothic, Manuelino and some renaissance details. A number of changes were made to the initial project, resulting in a vast monastic complex that today includes a church, two cloisters with annexed dependencies and two royal pantheons, the Founder’s Chapel and the Unfinished Chapels. The built heritage, under the ambient conditions, even with a proper maintenance can have pathologies and defects due to deterioration of materials, repeated loading lack and exceptional events. Within this process, inspection and diagnosis techniques, play a major role, providing information and allowing the definition of adequate remedial measures. To start this procedure in the Monastery of Santa Maria da Vitória the Founder’s Chapel was selected fora detailed survey and to be subjected to a non-destructive tests, using thermography and ultrasonic testing, preliminary diagnosis with pathology mapping and laser scanning.
- PrefacePublication . Gonçalves, Luisa M. S.; Rodrigues, Hugo; Gaspar, Florindo; Luisa Maria da Silva Gonçalves; Hugo Rodrigues; Florindo GasparThe preservation of the built heritage has long been a public concern, mainly due to fears about the loss of identity, history and heritage of populations. The main concerns are the conservation and restoration of monuments that usually represent important events in the history of a city or a country. More recently, urban residents and policymakers have become aware of the abandonment or degradation of old city cores, leading to mischaracterisation of the buildings and ways of living. To preserve history and promote building and urban renewal, considering the basic principles of the preservation process, it is important to introduce the least possible disturbance. To start with, the diagnostic process is a key aspect, especially to investigate the construction characteristics and the damage to materials, and to find structural and nonstructural problems. To start any process, a visual inspection, a study and knowledge of the original construction methods and materials and historical repair techniques can help but may not be sufficient, and the use of conventional techniques to complement the information needed can result in an insufficient understanding or in extensive and unnecessary intrusions in the construction. In recent years, the rapid growth of science and research, combined with the industry and the need to gather more and accurate information, have led to the fast development of nondestructive testing methodologies that allow the architectural archaeology to be studied, the structural assessment to be supported and information to be given about the material properties. Each technique can be used for a specific purpose, but, in some cases, only a combination of techniques is reliable and gives an accurate interpretation of the data acquired. The fundamental contribution and aim of this book is to give a full overview of several case studies where different nondestructive techniques have been applied, in several cases using multidisciplinary approaches, which aim to highlight the importance of the information acquired and encourage the use of these techniques in future studies. The book brings together 16 chapters focused on nondestructive testing techniques applied at the urban building level and also applied to monumental buildings, archaeology and cultural heritage, bringing together more than 40 international researchers and experts in the field, who are the source of practical case studies supported by a theoretical background.