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- Managing Knowledge – The Importance of Databases in the Scientific ProductionPublication . Figueiredo, M.S.N.; Pereira, A.M.The process of knowledge management results from the need to survive in a world dominated by innovation, and the need for its management is based on the creation of value. Knowledge is a process that occurs in three steps: creation, exploitation and maintenance. This steps lead to the creation of new knowledge, that in turn are feed by relations created among disciplines. This knowledge must be shared, and organizations shall find a way to do it in order to survive. So, databases might be a solution to promote creation of value and scientific production. In this research one has done a review of state of the art, being this one an evaluation method that allows deepening about the subject, answering for the purpose of this paper. The question that is to answer is the following: what is the importance of databases in the scientific production? Collecting papers about subjects as knowledge management, databases and other, was the point of departure to get to a conclusion about the posed question. In this study one can conclude that the objective is to create an automatic database that manage knowledge properly so that users just have to use it in a simple and quick way. Related to this, databases exist, but still present several limitations as for example involving manual work such as experts’ validation. Although the impact of databases is not studied by literature, transdisciplinarity suggests that it would be favorable to scientific quality production: if we consider network as an enabler of scientific production, and if we consider databases a form of networking, it leads us to think that it would contribute to scientific quality production too.
- Application of a Hybrid Additive Manufacturing Methodology to Produce a Metal/Polymer Customized Dental ImplantPublication . Silva, M.; Felismina, R.; Mateus, A.; Parreira, P.; Malça, C.In this paper an integrated methodology for implants personalized manufacturing is presented. This methodology materializes the hybrid material implants manufacturing through the integration of two or more advanced Additive Manufacturing (AM) technologies. Furthermore, high strength biomechanical implants with optimized geometry and mass can be manufactured by biomimetic concepts application. The combination of polymers and ceramics or polymers and metal materials (or metal alloys) allows a significant leap in the development and production of a great diversity of components and applications. The combination of advanced additive manufacturing processes, e.g. the Selective Laser Melting (SLM) or Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) and the StereoLithography (SL), make possible the production of parts with almost unlimited geometric freedom and custom multimaterial. The manufacturing flexibility and the processing capacity of the different combinations of materials - metal/polymer - obtained from hybrid additive manufacturing systems - SLM/SL - are demonstrated here by the manufacture of a dental bridge implant.
- Cork Plastic Composite Optimization for 3D Printing ApplicationsPublication . Brites, F.; Malça, C.; Gaspar, F.; Horta, J. F.; Franco, M. C.; Biscaia, S.; Mateus, A.Among natural fillers, cork has been acknowledged as a suitable alternative of other cellular materials that are widely employed in engineering applications due to their low conductivity to heat, noise and vibration, high abrasion resistance and flexibility, high compressibility ratio, among other characteristics [1]. The eco-friendly features of natural fillers based composites make them a very promising and sustainable solution to large markets mainly if additive manufacturing technologies, such as 3D printing, are used [2]. Through 3D printers, engineers, designers and architects can create design and decor products with a free complexity of geometry. In this research work, plastic matrices of HDPE – obtained from conventional suppliers – were reinforced with different ratios of cork waste and natural cork powders – obtained from cork transformation industries – to find the optimum mixture for 3D printing. The effects of cork powders content in the plastic on the morphological, physical and mechanical properties of the composites were investigated through the density, optical microscopy, wettability, thermal analysis and tensile testing. Cork-based composites were processed by an extrusion system, and the mixture of polymer, adhesive and fillers is discussed. The results show that the addition of pure cork and cork waste can be processed with polymers such as HDPE, having adequate physical and mechanical properties.
- A Hybrid Processing Approach to the Manufacturing of Polyamide Reinforced Parts with Carbon FibersPublication . Silva, M; Pereira, A. M.; Alves, N.; Mateus, A.; Malça, C.The use of thermoplastic composites reinforced with long or continuous fibers underwent an amazing increase due to advantages such as good mechanical performance, high temperature resistance, recyclable and chemical stability when compared with simple thermosetting matrices. These advantages allowed for the replacement of thermosetting systems by composites that led to the discovery of new applications. However, the processing procedure of thermoplastics reinforced with prepregs yarns entails some technological and scientific challenges mainly due to its high viscosity that results in difficulty and complexity in impregnating the reinforcements. Concerning engineering components market requirements, the polyamide thermoplastic matrices reinforced with carbon fibers have a huge demand due to the versatility of the applications where they can be used. This work presents, therefore, the development of a low-cost device that combines the Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) additive manufacturing technique together with the processing and consolidation of thermoplastic prepregs yarns for manufacturing parts made of polyamide reinforced with carbon fibers without need of post-processing operations. To evaluate the mechanical properties of the polyamide reinforced with carbon fibers, samples were manufactured and three point bending and tensile tests were done. From results it was demonstrated the very high structural strength to both bending and tensile loads of tested material.
- Green Marketing and Green Brand – The Toyota CasePublication . Simão, Lídia; Lisboa, AnaThe main aim of this study is to contextualize sustainability and call for its consideration in firms’ management, namely via green marketing and green brand. Although the concept of sustainable development appeared in the 1970s, only recently has it been incorporated by firms. Development, to be sustainable, has to satisfy the needs of current generations, without compromising the ability of future generations to satisfy theirs. This requires a balance in managing social, economic and environmental aims, both current and future. Given the increasing evidence of environmental problems, the awareness of the need for sustainability has been expanding, at the individual and at the corporate level. Environmentally responsible firms obtain multiple benefits, such as cost reduction (due to the lower resource consumption, such as water or energy), profit increase (from recycling and residuals reuse), production process enhancement (given the cleaner and more efficient technologies), corporate image upgrading, improvement of brand awareness and value as well as performance. Oppositely, firms associated to non-sustainable actions are impaired in those areas. In the scope of a green strategy, a green brand obtains attributes and benefits related to the reduction of the brand’s environmental impact. As such, it should promote the perception of an environmentally healthy brand and disclose such benefits to the more environmentally aware consumers. We present the case of Toyota, a brand with patent and acknowledged efforts in what regards sustainability. It is a worldwide reference of corporate responsibility and of a successful use of green marketing. The brand’s challenge to reach important environmental goals until 2050, demonstrates its commitment and endeavor in multiple crucial aspects of sustainability management. Therefore, Toyota is in a prominent position as a “global green brand”.