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Percorrer por autor "Oliveira, Raquel"

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  • The Effect of Nutritional Intervention in Nutritional Risk Screening on Hospitalised Lung Cancer Patients
    Publication . Oliveira, Raquel; Cabrita, Bruno; Cunha, Ângela; Silva, Sónia; Lima, João P. M.; Martins, Diana; Mendes, Fernando
    Background: Lung cancer (LC) patients are prone to suffer from malnutrition. Malnutrition negatively affects patients’ response to therapy, increases the incidence of treatment-related side effects, and decreases survival. Early identification of LC patients who are malnourished or at risk of malnutrition can promote recovery and improve prognosis. Objective: This study aimed to assess the risk and nutritional status of lung cancer patients who are hospitalised, as well as to evaluate the impact of nutritional intervention on the risk of malnutrition. Methods: From January 2022 to December 2023, 53 LC patients hospitalised in a pulmonology department had their nutritional risk (initial and final) and nutritional status (initial) assessed. All were selected for nutritional intervention. Nutrition counselling was the first intervention option, along with dietary changes with/without oral nutritional supplements. Results: At the time of hospitalisation, 90.6% of the patients were at nutritional risk, 45.3% were classified as moderately malnourished, and 35.8% were classified as severely underweight. After the hospitalisation, 73.6% were at nutritional risk at the time of discharge, suggesting a statistically significant decrease in the number of patients with nutritional risk. Conclusions: Most LC patients hospitalised presented an altered nutritional status. Our study suggests that a nutritional intervention must be implemented to reduce malnutrition risk, which may impact prognosis. The comprehensive nutritional problems experienced by LC patients require nutritional assessment and improved individually tailored nutritional support.
    2025-12-24Artigo científico Acesso aberto Ver mais
  • Investimento direto estrangeiro e qualidade institucional : o papel da migração nesta relação
    Publication . Oliveira, Raquel; Sargento, Ana Lúcia Marto
    Ao longo do tempo têm aparecido muitos estudos sobre os principais determinantes do Investimento Direto Estrangeiro (IDE), e os mesmos têm demonstrado que a Qualidade Institucional e a Migração são fortes determinantes dos fluxos de IDE. O principal objetivo deste trabalho é estudar a relação existente entre a qualidade institucional e os fluxos de entrada do IDE, com a introdução da Migração como variável mediadora, sobre 20 países da OCDE e utilizando os Governance Indicators como medida da qualidade institucional. A análise do estudo foi efetuada aplicando o método de regressão linear de efeitos fixos, o qual foi aplicado a 18 modelos intermédios baseados em equações: a variável institucional foi medida através dos 6 Governance Indicators, sendo que cada indicador foi introduzido individualmente numa equação. Adicionalmente, a migração do país de origem para o país de destino e a migração do país de destino para o país de origem foram introduzidas individualmente como variáveis nas equações formuladas para cada indicador. Os resultados sugerem que a qualidade institucional é positivamente significativa para o IDE. Adicionalmente, a migração apresenta-se como um determinante significativo dos fluxos de IDE, sendo que, mais especificamente, a migração que segue do país de origem para o país de destino dos fluxos de IDE diminuiu a magnitude do relacionamento entre a qualidade institucional e o IDE. Conclui-se que a qualidade institucional é crucial para atrair investidores estrangeiros e que a migração, para além de também ser fortemente determinante para o IDE, produz impactos sobre a decisão de investir num país estrangeiro, facilitando este processo.
    2012-11-28Dissertação de mestrado Acesso aberto Ver mais
  • Prescribed Hospital Diet Influence on Dietary Intake of Hospitalised Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study
    Publication . Gameiro, Joana; Oliveira, Raquel; Baltazar, Ana Lúcia; Rocha, Clara; Pereira, Marta; Martins, Diana; Lima, João P. M.; Mendes, Fernando
    Background: The dietary intake of hospitalised patients is often compromised during hospitalisation, which can be a causal factor for hospital malnutrition. This is considered a public health problem worldwide and is associated with an increased risk of other complications. Objectives: Our objective was to determine the dietary intake of hospitalised individuals and if the prescribed diet influences it. Methods: Food intake data were collected from 299 lunches of patients admitted to a hospital, using the visual estimation method with a five-point scale. Three existing diets were considered, and the energy and macronutrient values of the meal were calculated. The minimum energy and protein requirements were also calculated. Results: The components of the tray with the highest intake were soup and dessert; no significant differences were found between the percentage intake of each element and the prescribed diet. More than 50% of the individuals did not meet their minimum energy requirements, and only 36.5% had a protein intake that was within the recommendations. Conclusions: Dietary intake is much lower than prescribed, and nutritionists need to act to reduce the prevalence of hospital malnutrition.
    2025-01-12Artigo científico Acesso aberto Ver mais