ESTG - Mestrado em Engenharia Civil - Construções Civis
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Browsing ESTG - Mestrado em Engenharia Civil - Construções Civis by advisor "Bártolo, Helena Maria Coelho da Rocha Terreiro Galha da Silva"
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- 3D Printing of raw earth composites – Effect of low environmental impact binder on the process and material propertiesPublication . Fahfouhi, Karim; Bártolo, Helena Maria Coelho da Rocha Terreiro Galha da Silva; Craveiro, Flávio Gabriel da SilvaThe rapid rate of climate change is increasingly affecting our everyday life and disrupting the economy worldwide. The global construction industry is a major CO₂ emitter and a huge consumer of natural resources and energy. Sustainability is a major concern, so the construction sector must minimize its impact on the environment, embracing a radical transformation by minimizing its impact on the environment, addressing this way the climate emergency. Europe is committed to being the first carbon-neutral continent, promoting environmental and social change by addressing the challenges of becoming more resilient, sustainable, and socially inclusive. Over centuries, raw earth construction materials and techniques have been used to build houses, mainly due to their minimal carbon footprint, low thermal conductivity, and good hygroscopic properties. Natural fibers were added to the earth matrix to improve its performance. Today, there is a rising interest in earthen composites as a building material, mainly due to their many advantages in comparison with conventional construction materials. Using local materials can reduce embodied energy in the transportation and storage of materials. Earth-based materials are also better suited for the environment. The need to advance the green transition towards a more circular economy is driving the construction sector towards a more efficient use of energy, natural resources, and materials, incorporating low embodied carbon materials and new technologies. Construction has been experiencing a digital revolution by incorporating new technologies and construction processes, such as Additive Manufacturing (AM), also called 3D Printing (3DP). The integration of 3DP into construction processes will allow for greater flexibility in design and customization, with the emergence of complex shapes and new materials, as well as reducing costs, time and waste. However, digital fabrication in construction is still evolving, holding great potential for future construction automation, and presenting several advantages over conventional construction technologies and processes. The development of material compositions with appropriate flowability, extrudability, buildability, to meet the 3-D printing process requisites is still a major challenge for the application of 3-D printing. In this research work, different earth-based composites and binders were investigated, on processing aspects and properties, for future digital extrusion.
- Development of fiber-reinforced earth-based composites for 3D printing in constructionPublication . Joshi, Arpan; Bártolo, Helena Maria Coelho da Rocha Terreiro Galha da Silva; Craveiro, Flávio Gabriel da SilvaThe construction industry is one of the prime users of global resources and a major contributor to global environmental impacts. Moving to a clean, circular economy can facilitate the achievement of the European Green Deal objectives, such as minimum environmental impacts, net-zero CO2 emissions and zero waste. The digitalisation of the construction industry, also known as construction 4.0, is a recent trend in the construction sector. 3D printing technologies has been mainly used to create cementitious-based construction components. On the other hand, earth is an eco-friendly natural material, used as a construction material since ancient times, though the investigation of the physical and mechanical behaviour of earth-based composites for 3D printing has been limited. This research work main aim was the development of 3D printable fiber-reinforced earthbased composites. The physical properties and the rheology behaviour was investigated for different formulations of crude earth-based composites was investigated, as well its structural stability, to get a better understanding of its feasibility to be used as construction components. It is crucial to further investigate different formulations of earthen-based composites for extrusion-based technologies, optimizing its processing methods. A Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of these crude earth-based composites must also be performed to investigate its environmental and economic performance regarding other material formulations.
- A novel digital framework for the construction industryPublication . Zarrabi, Pooria; Bártolo, Helena Maria Coelho da Rocha Terreiro Galha da Silva; Bártolo, Paulo JorgeThe construction industry is a very conservative sector often characterized by a low level of innovation, risk adverse and reluctant to embrace new technologies. The construction sector has been hesitant to fully embrace digital innovation opportunities, though there is an increasing awareness of the huge challenges needed to respond and adapt to digital changes. This research work follows a continuous interplay between Digital Transformation and its adoption and use on the building and construction sector. The primary objective of this work is to propose a novel digital framework by applying the concept of industry 4.0 to the construction industry, a new Construction 4.0 vision. In the next decade, it is expected that digital technologies will have a disruptive impact in building and construction, revolutionizing every stage of a building life cycle. The adoption of smart technologies, the embedding of technology in products and structures, the emergence of standardized solutions, will be vital to perform the digital change. On the other hand, the adoption of circular economy practices in combination with Additive Manufacturing (AM) technologies will foster greater resource productivity and material sustainability, reducing waste through the recycling of used products into new materials for printing building components. The possibility to design modular, flexible, more resilient buildings, exploring novel AM processes and new multipurpose sustainable materials can be a driving force for society to move forward towards a more sustainable pathway. This new framework will enable the construction sector to explore the entrepreneurship potential for new integrated companies to emerge and an increased mobility across construction. Moreover, it will encourage the adoption of new and unique standards and ultimately leads to more efficiency and effectiveness in the construction sector.
- Prefabrication in construction: an exploratory study of advantages and challenges in India and PortugalPublication . Vijayakumar, Sharath Bandi; Bártolo, Helena Maria Coelho da Rocha Terreiro Galha da SilvaThe increase in city urbanization is causing unparalleled challenges worldwide by pressing radical advances in digital technology and innovation in the built environment. Nonetheless, prefabrication/modular construction has been used in the construction sector for quite a while, mainly to potentiate quicker construction delivery times, the emergence of new technologies together with the rise in labor shortages and growing costs and schedule pressures are changing how infrastructure and other built assets are designed, constructed and maintained. In this context, prefabrication is now considered a critical method for modernization, which can increase the speed, quality and efficiency of construction, worker safety, while reducing its environmental impacts compared to conventional construction practices. To gain an in-depth understanding on the current industry and scholar technology trends in this domain, this research work makes a systematic review of the most recent articles and scientific reports. An exploratory industrial survey was also conducted asking architects, engineers and contractors’ opinions on the Portuguese and Indian Construction & Environment prefabrication scenario, and get a better understanding on whether there is different cultural and technological perceptions on this area. The main results arrived at are that the use of prefabricated/modular construction should be further pursued in Portugal and India as many benefits, both economically and environmentally can come from this practice enabling greater efficiency to be achieved. Recommendations for future work highlight the need to further progress towards standardization and user-driven digital customization in off-site prefabrication factories. To meet the upcoming challenges, the construction sector must integrate new technologies into existing workflows, adopting advanced manufacturing processes on a large scale to produce building assets from prefabricated, customized modules.