Mestrados da ESTG
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Browsing Mestrados da ESTG by advisor "Afonso, Armando B. Silva"
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- Eficiencia hídrica en edificios no residenciales de tipo colectivos (hoteles)Publication . Andrade, Dario Javier Bermudez; Gomes, Ricardo de Jesus; Afonso, Armando B. Silva; Gutiérrez, JaimeEl agua es uno de los recursos más importantes para la vida, el problema de escasez de agua afecta directamente a toda la población mundial, es un deber de los seres humanos garantizar la disponibilidad a largo plazo del líquido vital. En los edificios se genera un gran impacto sobre el recurso agua, donde se observan principalmente elevados dotaciones de agua para el consumo humano a lo largo del ciclo de vida del edificio, a las fallas cometidas en la fase de diseño, al uso y probables desperfectos de aparatos hidráulicos que además presentan elevados consumos, es decir, que no son hidráulicamente eficientes. El concepto de eficiencia hídrica en edificios nos direcciona a investigar y presentar soluciones o recomendaciones que permitan ahorrar agua en los edificios independientemente del uso que se le proporcione, de tal manera se puede atenuar las consecuencias de escasez que este recurso pueda generar por el acelerado crecimiento poblacional y económico a nivel mundial. La auditoría hídrica de los edificios permite identificar las ineficiencias en los sistemas prediales y así proponer alternativas para el uso eficiente del agua durante la fase de utilización. Con el análisis de las alternativas técnicas y económicas se plantea determinar el costo de inversión inicial que debe realizarse para la implementación de las alternativas planteadas y el tiempo de retorno de mencionada inversión. En el sector hotelero existen varias interrogantes sobre el análisis y determinación de padrones de consumo debido a que no es posible generalizar todos los casos y deben ser analizados de manera independiente.
- Water efficiency analysis in the classroom building and hydraulics laboratory of the Faculty of Engineering, Physical Sciences And Mathematic – Central University of EcuadorPublication . Portilla, Carlos Andres Valenzuela; Gomes, Ricardo de Jesus; Afonso, Armando B. Silva; Tobar, Freddy MuñozEcuador, located in the middle of the world, is one of the smallest countries in South America with the largest number of surface and underground freshwater resources. The global impact that affects the world reserves of this natural resource, also affects the countries of the region due to an accelerated population growth, climate change, the obsoleting of technology and the shortage of habits about the need to reduce excessive consumption and waste of drinking water. The highest rate of drinking water consumption among the countries of South America is from Ecuador, with more than 237 liters/(inhabitant.day). This alarming figure is one of the reasons why it is important to reduce drinking water consumption in non-residential buildings without affecting the comfort of users. The main objective of this work is to analyze the water efficiency of university buildings in Quito through the application of the calculation model suggested by the Portuguese Association for Quality in Building Services Installations (ANQIP). Different strategies and techniques are applied to fulfill this objective, among them, the architectural and hydro-sanitary characterization of the buildings, the evaluation of each sanitary device and its water efficiency, as well as the determination of volumetric flows in the facilities of the buildings that form part of the case study. The gradual shortage of drinking water generates the need to find alternative sources for the supply of this resource. The design of a rainwater harvesting system becomes the integral solution proposed to supply water for non-potable uses, to reduce consumptions of potable water, to reduce billing costs and to transform buildings into hydraulically sustainable projects. It is concluded that rainwater harvesting systems provide important volumes of water for non-drinking purposes in buildings such as university establishments.