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Jupiter’s hot spots: Quantitative assessment of the retrieval capabilities of future IR spectro-imagers

2010-08Journal article Restricted access
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datacite.subject.fosCiências Naturais::Ciências Físicas
datacite.subject.fosCiências Naturais::Ciências da Terra e do Ambiente
datacite.subject.sdg03:Saúde de Qualidade
datacite.subject.sdg07:Energias Renováveis e Acessíveis
datacite.subject.sdg11:Cidades e Comunidades Sustentáveis
dc.contributor.authorGrassi, D.
dc.contributor.authorAdriani, A.
dc.contributor.authorMoriconi, M. L.
dc.contributor.authorIgnatiev, N. I.
dc.contributor.authorD'Aversa, E.
dc.contributor.authorColosimo, F.
dc.contributor.authorNegrão, A.
dc.contributor.authorBrower, L.
dc.contributor.authorDinelli, B. M.
dc.contributor.authorCoradini, A.
dc.contributor.authorPiccioni, G.
dc.date.accessioned2025-12-09T11:51:19Z
dc.date.available2025-12-09T11:51:19Z
dc.date.issued2010-08
dc.description.abstractJupiter's atmosphere presents limited regions of relatively thin cloud coverage (the so-called 'hot spots'), which allow thermal radiation by warmer, deeper atmospheric layers to be transmitted directly to space. Hot spots therefore represent a means for probing physical conditions (namely chemical composition) below the main aerosol deck. Forthcoming missions to the Jovian system Juno and EJSM spacecrafts will host as payload components spectro-imagers operating in the infrared. Their coverage of 5 μm CH4 transparency windows make them particularly suitable for the investigation of hot spots. This study is an assessment of their retrieval capabilities on the evaluation of gaseous mixing ratios from nighttime observations, on the basis of Bayesian theory. The retrieval performance is evaluated for the JIRAM instrument, a confirmed payload component of Juno. Its data will provide effective constraints on the mixing ratios of water vapor between 40 and 70 km below the reference 1 bar pressure level (between 3.5 and 7 bars). Assuming an a priori correlation length equal to half the scale height, we achieve a minimum retrieval uncertainty of 0.17, once the mixing ratio is given in terms of log10(α), with α being the adimensional mixing ratio (vs. altitude) relative to a given reference profile. The JIRAM-Juno dataset will further allow determination of the ammonia mixing ratio, with a minimum relative retrieval uncertainty of 0.32 in the same altitude range, and of the phosphine mixing ratio, with comparable uncertainty up to the reference altitude. The retrieval performance is evaluated for a second instrument VIRHIS, which is a proposed payload component of Jupiter Ganymede Orbiter (JGO), one of the two spacecrafts of Europa-Jupiter System Mission (EJSM). This instrument has the benefit of higher spectral resolution and extended spectral range, when compared to JIRAM-Juno. Evaluation of the water vapor retrieval shows the uncertainty would be reduced to 0.08 with VIRHIS. The ammonia retrieval range would be expanded up to 10 km (0.66 bar), with a minimum uncertainty value of 0.10. Both instruments will place these measurements in a spatial context due to their simultaneous imaging capabilities, enabling therefore a number of studies covering chemical and dynamical aspects of atmospheric evolution.eng
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was supported by the ASI ESS project. JIRAM project is led by A. Coradini, in the context of Juno NASA mission. Juno is a PI-led mission headed by S. Bolton (North- western Research Institute). VIRHIS study is led by G. Piccioni, in response to the Declaration of Interest (DOI) issued by ESA on March 26, 2009 for the EJSM mission study. The VIRHIS study is supported by ASI, CNES and DLR. This work benefitted from the suggestions and constructive criticism from S. Atreya, L. Fletcher, M. Roos-Serote, P. Irwin, T. Fouchet, G. Orton, C. Howett and K. Baines. The authors acknowledge Dr. C. Baldetti for her precious role in the management activities of ESS and JIRAM projects.
dc.identifier.citationD. Grassi, A. Adriani, M.L. Moriconi, N.I. Ignatiev, E. D'Aversa, F. Colosimo, A. Negrão, L. Brower, B.M. Dinelli, A. Coradini, G. Piccioni, Jupiter’s hot spots: Quantitative assessment of the retrieval capabilities of future IR spectro-imagers, Planetary and Space Science, Volume 58, Issue 10, 2010, Pages 1265-1278, ISSN 0032-0633, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pss.2010.05.003.
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.pss.2010.05.003
dc.identifier.issn0032-0633
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.8/14952
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.relation.hasversionhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0032063310001418?via%3Dihub
dc.relation.ispartofPlanetary and Space Science
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectAmmonia
dc.subjectAtmospheric chemistry
dc.subjectInformation retrieval
dc.subjectInstruments
dc.subjectPhosphorus compounds
dc.subjectSpacecraft
dc.subjectWater vapor
dc.titleJupiter’s hot spots: Quantitative assessment of the retrieval capabilities of future IR spectro-imagerseng
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.endPage1278
oaire.citation.issue10
oaire.citation.startPage1265
oaire.citation.titlePlanetary and Space Science
oaire.citation.volume58
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyNameNegrão
person.givenNameAlberto
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-6042-1294
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationa4249a82-1904-4218-90fa-158b5c904c01
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscoverya4249a82-1904-4218-90fa-158b5c904c01

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Jupiter's atmosphere presents limited regions of relatively thin cloud coverage (the so-called 'hot spots'), which allow thermal radiation by warmer, deeper atmospheric layers to be transmitted directly to space. Hot spots therefore represent a means for probing physical conditions (namely chemical composition) below the main aerosol deck. Forthcoming missions to the Jovian system Juno and EJSM spacecrafts will host as payload components spectro-imagers operating in the infrared. Their coverage of 5 μm CH4 transparency windows make them particularly suitable for the investigation of hot spots. This study is an assessment of their retrieval capabilities on the evaluation of gaseous mixing ratios from nighttime observations, on the basis of Bayesian theory. The retrieval performance is evaluated for the JIRAM instrument, a confirmed payload component of Juno. Its data will provide effective constraints on the mixing ratios of water vapor between 40 and 70 km below the reference 1 bar pressure level (between 3.5 and 7 bars). Assuming an a priori correlation length equal to half the scale height, we achieve a minimum retrieval uncertainty of 0.17, once the mixing ratio is given in terms of log10(α), with α being the adimensional mixing ratio (vs. altitude) relative to a given reference profile. The JIRAM-Juno dataset will further allow determination of the ammonia mixing ratio, with a minimum relative retrieval uncertainty of 0.32 in the same altitude range, and of the phosphine mixing ratio, with comparable uncertainty up to the reference altitude. The retrieval performance is evaluated for a second instrument VIRHIS, which is a proposed payload component of Jupiter Ganymede Orbiter (JGO), one of the two spacecrafts of Europa-Jupiter System Mission (EJSM). This instrument has the benefit of higher spectral resolution and extended spectral range, when compared to JIRAM-Juno. Evaluation of the water vapor retrieval shows the uncertainty would be reduced to 0.08 with VIRHIS. The ammonia retrieval range would be expanded up to 10 km (0.66 bar), with a minimum uncertainty value of 0.10. Both instruments will place these measurements in a spatial context due to their simultaneous imaging capabilities, enabling therefore a number of studies covering chemical and dynamical aspects of atmospheric evolution.
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