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Dental Age Assessment by I2M and I3M: Portuguese Legal Age Thresholds of 12 and 14 Year Olds

2021-03-20Artigo científico Acesso aberto
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datacite.subject.fosCiências Médicas::Outras Ciências Médicas
datacite.subject.sdg03:Saúde de Qualidade
dc.contributor.authorAugusto, Diana
dc.contributor.authorPereira, Cristiana Palmela
dc.contributor.authorRodrigues, Ana
dc.contributor.authorCameriere, Roberto
dc.contributor.authorSalvado, Francisco
dc.contributor.authorSantos, Rui
dc.date.accessioned2026-03-13T16:59:28Z
dc.date.available2026-03-13T16:59:28Z
dc.date.issued2021-03-20
dc.descriptionIdioma alternativo - Croata
dc.description.abstractObjective: Better understanding of dental age assessment may help in cases of age estimation in Forensic Clinics. The first aim was to provide essential information on method reliability for upcoming studies using dental age assessment by second molar index (I2M), and third molar index (I3M) for age estimation on legal ages of 12 - 14 years. The second aim was to document forensic method outcomes of the Demirjian method which has already been used in forensic clinic. Material and methods: Two samples were used for this purpose: for I2M, 633 orthopantomographs (270 females / 363 males), the age range from 7 to 17 years and for I3M, 471 orthopantomographs (253 females / 218 males), the age range from 10 to 23 years, from the database population of Lisbon North University Hospital Center, approved by the Ethic Committee. Results: The I3M cut-off point (1.133) for 12- year-olds obtained better results than the cut-off point stated by the I2M (0.135). Besides, I2M cut-off point (0.001) for 14- year- olds showed better results when compared with the cut-off point (0.705) established by the I3M. Both methods are reliable for the legal age thresholds of 12 and 14 years. However, using I2M and I3M allows us to vary the cut-off value to privilege sensitivities or specificity, depending on which is more appropriate to the intended application. Conclusions: The accuracy (88.94%) of I3M obtained better results for the 12- year- old cut-off point (1.133) and the accuracy (90.21%) of the I2M performed better for the 14- year- old cut-off point (0.001).eng
dc.description.abstractCilj: Bolje razumijevanje dentalne procjene dobi moglo bi pomoći pri procjeni dobi u kliničkoj forenzici. Prvi cilj bio je osigurati ključne informacije o pouzdanosti metode za buduća istraživanja koja bi se koristila dentalnom procjenom s pomoću indeksa drugog molara (I2M) te indeksa trećeg molara (I3M) za procjenu legalne dobi od 12 do 14 godina. Drugi cilj bio je dokumentirati forenzičke ishode Demirjianove metode koja se već primjenjuje u kliničkoj forenzici. Materijal i metode: Za ovu svrhu korištena su dva uzorka – za I 2M 633 ortopantomograma (270 od djevojčica i djevojaka i 363 od dječaka i mladića u dobi od 7 do 17 godina), a za I 3M 471 ortopantomogram (253 od djevojčica i djevojaka i 218 od dječaka i mladića u dobi od 10 do 23 godine). Svi su uzeti iz baze podataka Sveučilišnoga bolničkog centra Lisabon – Sjever, a njihovu upotrebu odobrilo je Etičko povjerenstvo.Rezultati: Granična točka I 3M za 12-godišnjake (1,133) dala je bolje rezultate od one za I 2M. Nadalje, granična točka I 2M za 14-godišnjake (0,001) pokazala je bolje rezultate od granične točke I 3M (0,705). Obje su metode pouzdane za određivanje dobi od 12 i 14 godina prema zakonu. No, korištenje I 3M i I 2M omogućuje pomicanje granične vrijednosti zbog osjetljivosti ili specifičnosti, ovisno o adekvatnoj primjeni. Zaključak: Točnost I 3M (88,94 %) davala je bolje rezultate kada se određivala granična vrijednost 12- godišnjaka (1,133), a točnost I 2M (90,21 %) bila je bolja u slučaju 14-godišnjaka (0,001).und
dc.description.sponsorshipThis research was supported by the Centro de Estatística e Aplicações da Universidade de Lisboa, CEAUL, FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia Project reference UIDB/00006/2020.
dc.identifier.citationAugusto, D., Pereira, C.P., Rodrigues, A., Cameriere, R., Salvado, F. & Santos, R. (2021). Dental Age Assessment by I 2M and I 3M : Portuguese Legal Age Thresholds of 12 and 14 Year Olds. Acta stomatologica Croatica, 55 (1), 45-55. https://doi.org/10.15644/asc55/1/6.
dc.identifier.doi10.15644/asc55/1/6
dc.identifier.eissn1846-0410
dc.identifier.issn0001-7019
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.8/15867
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherUniversity of Zagreb
dc.relationCentre of Statistics and its Applications
dc.relation.hasversionhttps://hrcak.srce.hr/en/clanak/369349%3F
dc.relation.ispartofActa Stomatologica Croatica
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subjectDental age assessment
dc.subjectCameriere’s I3M and I2M
dc.subjectDemirjian’s method
dc.subjectPortuguese penal code
dc.subjectLegal age threshold
dc.subject12 and 14- yearolds
dc.subjectdentalna procjena dobi
dc.subjectCameriereov I3M i I2M
dc.subjectDemirjianova metoda
dc.subjectportugalski Kazneni zakon
dc.subject12-godišnjaci
dc.subject14-godišnjaci
dc.titleDental Age Assessment by I2M and I3M: Portuguese Legal Age Thresholds of 12 and 14 Year Oldseng
dc.title.alternativeDentalna procjena dobi s pomoću I2M i I3M: prema portugalskom zakonu za dob od 12 do 14 godinaund
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardNumberUIDB/00006/2020
oaire.awardTitleCentre of Statistics and its Applications
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDB%2F00006%2F2020/PT
oaire.citation.endPage55
oaire.citation.issue1
oaire.citation.startPage45
oaire.citation.titleActa Stomatologica Croatica
oaire.citation.volume55
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyNameSantos
person.givenNameRui
person.identifier1051057
person.identifier.ciencia-id7610-8B27-8044
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-7371-363X
person.identifier.ridC-1873-2015
person.identifier.scopus-author-id56979441000
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationfba82887-7d94-41f6-a4aa-06b7de054567
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscoveryfba82887-7d94-41f6-a4aa-06b7de054567
relation.isProjectOfPublicatione027eda8-8a0f-43b1-a9e5-689688cf58d5
relation.isProjectOfPublication.latestForDiscoverye027eda8-8a0f-43b1-a9e5-689688cf58d5

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Objective: Better understanding of dental age assessment may help in cases of age estimation in Forensic Clinics. The first aim was to provide essential information on method reliability for upcoming studies using dental age assessment by second molar index (I2M), and third molar index (I3M) for age estimation on legal ages of 12 - 14 years. The second aim was to document forensic method outcomes of the Demirjian method which has already been used in forensic clinic. Material and methods: Two samples were used for this purpose: for I2M, 633 orthopantomographs (270 females / 363 males), the age range from 7 to 17 years and for I3M, 471 orthopantomographs (253 females / 218 males), the age range from 10 to 23 years, from the database population of Lisbon North University Hospital Center, approved by the Ethic Committee. Results: The I3M cut-off point (1.133) for 12- year-olds obtained better results than the cut-off point stated by the I2M (0.135). Besides, I2M cut-off point (0.001) for 14- year- olds showed better results when compared with the cut-off point (0.705) established by the I3M. Both methods are reliable for the legal age thresholds of 12 and 14 years. However, using I2M and I3M allows us to vary the cut-off value to privilege sensitivities or specificity, depending on which is more appropriate to the intended application. Conclusions: The accuracy (88.94%) of I3M obtained better results for the 12- year- old cut-off point (1.133) and the accuracy (90.21%) of the I2M performed better for the 14- year- old cut-off point (0.001).
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