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Cidade como ecossistema: Biomimicry Thinking na gestão de resíduos sólidos urbanos
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
O crescimento acelerado das cidades, associado ao aumento dos padrões de consumo e à
linearidade dos sistemas produtivos, tem intensificado a geração de resíduos sólidos urbanos,
tornando a sua gestão um dos principais desafios ambientais contemporâneos. Nesse
contexto, observa-se que as soluções tradicionalmente adotadas, baseadas principalmente na
disposição final e na reciclagem, são insuficientes para responder à complexidade dos fluxos
urbanos atuais. Diante deste cenário, esta dissertação propõe o Biomimicry Thinking como
abordagem metodológica inovadora para a gestão de resíduos sólidos urbanos, considerando
a cidade como um ecossistema vivo, capaz de regeneração e adaptação.
O Biomimicry Thinking utiliza a natureza como modelo, medida e mentora para a construção
de soluções sustentáveis, e baseia-se na aplicação do Design Lens como ferramenta
metodológica para identificação e integração de estratégias bioinspiradas. A partir dessa
abordagem, são explorados os níveis da biomimética e sua aplicação ao ambiente construído,
considerando as cidades como sistemas complexos, interdependentes e dinâmicos. Esta
abordagem evidencia assim a necessidade de transitar de modelos lineares para fluxos
cíclicos, inspirados nos processos naturais, nos quais os resíduos são reinterpretados como
recursos.
Como estudo de caso, é analisado o município de Fortaleza, Brasil, caracterizado por forte
desigualdade socioespacial, crescimento urbano acelerado e desafios na gestão de resíduos
sólidos urbanos. Ao analisar as iniciativas existentes, este trabalho identifica conflitos no
ecossistema urbano, incluindo desigualdade socioambiental, descarte irregular e limitações
estruturais, mas também destaca práticas inovadoras e potencialidades bioinspiradas.
Com base no Design Lens, são propostas estratégias biomiméticas para a gestão de resíduos,
considerando a integração entre natureza, sociedade e infraestrutura urbana. São
apresentadas as limitações à implementação do Biomimicry Thinking, incluindo-se, como
sugestão metodológica, o reconhecimento de desafios institucionais, culturais e técnicos,
bem como a necessidade de abordagens sistêmicas e colaborativas.
Conclui-se que o Biomimicry Thinking apresenta potencial significativo para orientar a
transição de cidades lineares para cidades regenerativas, contribuindo para a gestão de
resíduos, fortalecimento do metabolismo urbano e promoção de soluções integradas. Ao
compreender a cidade como um ecossistema, torna-se possível desenvolver estratégias mais
resilientes, adaptativas e sustentáveis, alinhadas às dinâmicas naturais e às necessidades
urbanas contemporâneas.
The accelerated growth of cities, coupled with increased consumption patterns and the linearity of production systems, has intensified the generation of urban solid waste, making its management one of the main contemporary environmental challenges. In this context, it is observed that the solutions traditionally adopted, based mainly on final disposal and recycling, are insufficient to respond to the complexity of current urban flows. In this scenario, this dissertation proposes Biomimicry Thinking as an innovative methodological approach for urban solid waste management, considering the city as a living ecosystem, capable of regeneration and adaptation. Biomimicry Thinking uses nature as a model, measure, and mentor for the development of sustainable solutions and is based on the Design Lens as a methodological tool for identifying and integrating bio-inspired strategies. From this approach, the levels of biomimicry and its application to the built environment are explored, considering cities as complex, interdependent, and dynamic systems. This highlights the need to transition from linear models to cyclical flows inspired by natural processes, in which waste is reinterpreted as a resource. As a case study, the municipality of Fortaleza, Brazil, is analyzed, characterized by strong socio-spatial inequality, accelerated urban growth, and challenges in municipal solid waste management. By analyzing existing initiatives, the study identifies conflicts in the urban ecosystem, including socio-environmental inequality, irregular disposal, and structural limitations, but also highlights innovative practices and bio-inspired potential. Based on Design Lens, biomimetic strategies for waste management are proposed, considering the integration between nature, society, and urban infrastructure. Discussing limitations to the implementation of Biomimicry Thinking and including, as a methodological suggestion, institutional, cultural, and technical challenges, in addition to the need for systemic and collaborative approaches. It is concluded that Biomimicry Thinking has significant potential to guide the transition from linear cities to regenerative cities, contributing to waste reduction, strengthening urban metabolism, and promoting integrated solutions. By understanding the city as an ecosystem, it becomes possible to develop more resilient, adaptive, and sustainable strategies, aligned with natural dynamics and contemporary urban needs.
The accelerated growth of cities, coupled with increased consumption patterns and the linearity of production systems, has intensified the generation of urban solid waste, making its management one of the main contemporary environmental challenges. In this context, it is observed that the solutions traditionally adopted, based mainly on final disposal and recycling, are insufficient to respond to the complexity of current urban flows. In this scenario, this dissertation proposes Biomimicry Thinking as an innovative methodological approach for urban solid waste management, considering the city as a living ecosystem, capable of regeneration and adaptation. Biomimicry Thinking uses nature as a model, measure, and mentor for the development of sustainable solutions and is based on the Design Lens as a methodological tool for identifying and integrating bio-inspired strategies. From this approach, the levels of biomimicry and its application to the built environment are explored, considering cities as complex, interdependent, and dynamic systems. This highlights the need to transition from linear models to cyclical flows inspired by natural processes, in which waste is reinterpreted as a resource. As a case study, the municipality of Fortaleza, Brazil, is analyzed, characterized by strong socio-spatial inequality, accelerated urban growth, and challenges in municipal solid waste management. By analyzing existing initiatives, the study identifies conflicts in the urban ecosystem, including socio-environmental inequality, irregular disposal, and structural limitations, but also highlights innovative practices and bio-inspired potential. Based on Design Lens, biomimetic strategies for waste management are proposed, considering the integration between nature, society, and urban infrastructure. Discussing limitations to the implementation of Biomimicry Thinking and including, as a methodological suggestion, institutional, cultural, and technical challenges, in addition to the need for systemic and collaborative approaches. It is concluded that Biomimicry Thinking has significant potential to guide the transition from linear cities to regenerative cities, contributing to waste reduction, strengthening urban metabolism, and promoting integrated solutions. By understanding the city as an ecosystem, it becomes possible to develop more resilient, adaptive, and sustainable strategies, aligned with natural dynamics and contemporary urban needs.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Biomimicry thinking Resíduos sólidos urbanos Ecossistema urbano Regeneração urbana Economia circular