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Effectiveness of Nature-Based Solutions in Mitigating Flood Hazard in a Mediterranean Peri-Urban Catchment

2020-10-16Journal article Open access
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datacite.subject.fosCiências Agrárias::Agricultura, Silvicultura e Pescas
datacite.subject.fosCiências Sociais::Geografia Económica e Social
datacite.subject.fosCiências Naturais::Ciências da Terra e do Ambiente
datacite.subject.fosCiências Naturais::Ciências Químicas
dc.contributor.authorFerreira, Carla S.
dc.contributor.authorMourato, Sandra
dc.contributor.authorKasanin-Grubin, Milica
dc.contributor.authorFerreira, António J. D.
dc.contributor.authorDestouni, Georgia
dc.contributor.authorKalantari, Zahra
dc.date.accessioned2025-07-22T14:35:15Z
dc.date.available2025-07-22T14:35:15Z
dc.date.issued2020-10-16
dc.descriptionArticle number - 2893
dc.description.abstractUrbanization alters natural hydrological processes and enhances runoff, which affects flood hazard. Interest in nature-based solutions (NBS) for sustainable mitigation and adaptation to urban floods is growing, but the magnitudes of NBS effects are still poorly investigated. This study explores the potential of NBS for flood hazard mitigation in a small peri-urban catchment in central Portugal, prone to flash floods driven by urbanization and short but intense rainfall events typical of the Mediterranean region. Flood extent and flood depth are assessed by manually coupling the hydrologic HEC-HMS and hydraulic HEC-RAS models. The coupled model was run for single rainfall events with recurrence periods of 10−, 20−, 50−, and 100−years, considering four simulation scenarios: current conditions (without NBS), and with an upslope NBS, a downslope NBS, and a combination of both. The model-simulation approach provides good estimates of flood magnitude (NSE = 0.91, RMSE = 0.08, MAE = 0.07, R2 = 0.93), and shows that diverting streamflow into abandoned fields has positive impacts in mitigating downslope flood hazard. The implementation of an upslope NBS can decrease the water depth at the catchment outlet by 0.02 m, whereas a downslope NBS can reduce it from 0.10 m to 0.23 m for increasing return periods. Combined upslope and downslope NBS have a marginal additional impact in reducing water depth, ranging from 0.11 m to 0.24 m for 10− and 100−year floods. Decreases in water depth provided by NBS are useful in flood mitigation and adaptation within the peri-urban catchment. A network of NBS, rather than small isolated strategies, needs to be created for efficient flood-risk management at a larger scale.eng
dc.description.sponsorshipThis research was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology through (i) Post-doctoral grant SFRH/BPD/120093/201, (ii) the International Cooperation Programme for Cooperation in Science between Portugal and Serbia 2020/21 entitled “Water and sediment flows in urban and peri-urban areas”, and (iii) the Project UIDB/05183/2020. This research was also funded by Navarino Environmental Observatory (NEO) at Stockholm University.
dc.identifier.citationS.Ferreira, C., Mourato, S., Kasanin-Grubin, M., J.D. Ferreira, A., Destouni, G., & Kalantari, Z. (2020). Effectiveness of Nature-Based Solutions in Mitigating Flood Hazard in a Mediterranean Peri-Urban Catchment. Water, 12(10), 2893. https://doi.org/10.3390/w12102893.
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/w12102893
dc.identifier.issn2073-4441
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.8/13752
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.relationMediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development
dc.relation.hasversionhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/12/10/2893
dc.relation.ispartofWater
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectflood hazard
dc.subjectnature-based solutions
dc.subjectHEC HMS model
dc.subjectHEC RAS model
dc.subjectperi-urban catchment
dc.subjectmediterranean
dc.titleEffectiveness of Nature-Based Solutions in Mitigating Flood Hazard in a Mediterranean Peri-Urban Catchmenteng
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardTitleMediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDB%2F05183%2F2020/PT
oaire.citation.endPage23
oaire.citation.issue10
oaire.citation.startPage1
oaire.citation.titleWater (Switzerland)
oaire.citation.volume12
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyNameMourato
person.givenNameSandra
person.identifier.ciencia-idC81B-16CD-EDFE
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-9545-2584
person.identifier.scopus-author-id56387285400
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
relation.isAuthorOfPublication66af47bd-4c47-48ec-8f3a-f6ce092514db
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery66af47bd-4c47-48ec-8f3a-f6ce092514db
relation.isProjectOfPublication13fe2dca-813e-4eec-972c-773408146804
relation.isProjectOfPublication.latestForDiscovery13fe2dca-813e-4eec-972c-773408146804

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Urbanization alters natural hydrological processes and enhances runoff, which affects flood hazard. Interest in nature-based solutions (NBS) for sustainable mitigation and adaptation to urban floods is growing, but the magnitudes of NBS effects are still poorly investigated. This study explores the potential of NBS for flood hazard mitigation in a small peri-urban catchment in central Portugal, prone to flash floods driven by urbanization and short but intense rainfall events typical of the Mediterranean region. Flood extent and flood depth are assessed by manually coupling the hydrologic HEC-HMS and hydraulic HEC-RAS models. The coupled model was run for single rainfall events with recurrence periods of 10−, 20−, 50−, and 100−years, considering four simulation scenarios: current conditions (without NBS), and with an upslope NBS, a downslope NBS, and a combination of both. The model-simulation approach provides good estimates of flood magnitude (NSE = 0.91, RMSE = 0.08, MAE = 0.07, R2 = 0.93), and shows that diverting streamflow into abandoned fields has positive impacts in mitigating downslope flood hazard. The implementation of an upslope NBS can decrease the water depth at the catchment outlet by 0.02 m, whereas a downslope NBS can reduce it from 0.10 m to 0.23 m for increasing return periods. Combined upslope and downslope NBS have a marginal additional impact in reducing water depth, ranging from 0.11 m to 0.24 m for 10− and 100−year floods. Decreases in water depth provided by NBS are useful in flood mitigation and adaptation within the peri-urban catchment. A network of NBS, rather than small isolated strategies, needs to be created for efficient flood-risk management at a larger scale.
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