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Statistical Modeling of Lower Limb Kinetics During Deep Squat and Forward Lunge

datacite.subject.fosCiências Médicas::Outras Ciências Médicas
datacite.subject.fosCiências Médicas::Biotecnologia Médica
datacite.subject.fosEngenharia e Tecnologia::Engenharia Médica
datacite.subject.fosEngenharia e Tecnologia::Engenharia Química
datacite.subject.sdg03:Saúde de Qualidade
datacite.subject.sdg09:Indústria, Inovação e Infraestruturas
datacite.subject.sdg12:Produção e Consumo Sustentáveis
dc.contributor.authorRoeck, Joris De
dc.contributor.authorHoucke, J. Van
dc.contributor.authorAlmeida, D.
dc.contributor.authorGalibarov, P.
dc.contributor.authorRoeck, L. De
dc.contributor.authorAudenaert, Emmanuel A.
dc.date.accessioned2025-09-26T14:09:24Z
dc.date.available2025-09-26T14:09:24Z
dc.date.issued2020-04-02
dc.descriptionAlmeida, Diogo F. - Scopus ID: 50160918100
dc.description.abstractPurpose: Modern statistics and higher computational power have opened novel possibilities to complex data analysis. While gait has been the utmost described motion in quantitative human motion analysis, descriptions of more challenging movements like the squat or lunge are currently lacking in the literature. The hip and knee joints are exposed to high forces and cause high morbidity and costs. Pre-surgical kinetic data acquisition on a patient-specific anatomy is also scarce in the literature. Studying the normal inter-patient kinetic variability may lead to other comparable studies to initiate more personalized therapies within the orthopedics. Methods: Trials are performed by 50 healthy young males who were not overweight and approximately of the same age and activity level. Spatial marker trajectories and ground reaction force registrations are imported into the Anybody Modeling System based on subject-specific geometry and the state-of-the-art TLEM 2.0 dataset. Hip and knee joint reaction forces were obtained by a simulation with an inverse dynamics approach. With these forces, a statistical model that accounts for inter-subject variability was created. For this, we applied a principal component analysis in order to enable variance decomposition. This way, noise can be rejected and we still contemplate all waveform data, instead of using deduced spatiotemporal parameters like peak flexion or stride length as done in many gait analyses. In addition, this current paper is, to the authors’ knowledge, the first to investigate the generalization of a kinetic model data toward the population. Results: Average knee reaction forces range up to 7.16 times body weight for the forwarded leg during lunge. Conversely, during squat, the load is evenly distributed. For both motions, a reliable and compact statistical model was created. In the lunge model, the first 12 modes accounts for 95.26% of inter-individual population variance. For the maximal-depth squat, this was 95.69% for the first 14 modes. Model accuracies will increase when including more principal components. Conclusion: Our model design was proved to be compact, accurate, and reliable. For models aimed at populations covering descriptive studies, the sample size must be at least 50.eng
dc.description.sponsorshipFUNDING JV was financially supported by Ph.D. grant 11V2215N from the Research Foundation Flanders. EA was financially supported by Senior Clinical Fellowship from the Research Foundation Flanders. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors would like to thank Ashwin Schouten for his contribution to the musculoskeletal modeling in the AMS.
dc.identifier.citationDe Roeck J, Van Houcke J, Almeida D, Galibarov P, De Roeck L and Audenaert EA (2020) Statistical Modeling of Lower Limb Kinetics During Deep Squat and Forward Lunge. Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol. 8:233. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00233.
dc.identifier.doi10.3389/fbioe.2020.00233
dc.identifier.issn2296-4185
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.8/14134
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherFrontiers Media
dc.relation.hasversionhttps://www.frontiersin.org/journals/bioengineering-and-biotechnology/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00233/full
dc.relation.ispartofFrontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectlower limb kinetics
dc.subjectinverse dynamics
dc.subjectprincipal component analysis
dc.subjectmusculoskeletal model
dc.subjectvalidation analysis
dc.titleStatistical Modeling of Lower Limb Kinetics During Deep Squat and Forward Lungeeng
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.endPage17
oaire.citation.startPage1
oaire.citation.titleFrontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
oaire.citation.volume8
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85

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Purpose: Modern statistics and higher computational power have opened novel possibilities to complex data analysis. While gait has been the utmost described motion in quantitative human motion analysis, descriptions of more challenging movements like the squat or lunge are currently lacking in the literature. The hip and knee joints are exposed to high forces and cause high morbidity and costs. Pre-surgical kinetic data acquisition on a patient-specific anatomy is also scarce in the literature. Studying the normal inter-patient kinetic variability may lead to other comparable studies to initiate more personalized therapies within the orthopedics. Methods: Trials are performed by 50 healthy young males who were not overweight and approximately of the same age and activity level. Spatial marker trajectories and ground reaction force registrations are imported into the Anybody Modeling System based on subject-specific geometry and the state-of-the-art TLEM 2.0 dataset. Hip and knee joint reaction forces were obtained by a simulation with an inverse dynamics approach. With these forces, a statistical model that accounts for inter-subject variability was created. For this, we applied a principal component analysis in order to enable variance decomposition. This way, noise can be rejected and we still contemplate all waveform data, instead of using deduced spatiotemporal parameters like peak flexion or stride length as done in many gait analyses. In addition, this current paper is, to the authors’ knowledge, the first to investigate the generalization of a kinetic model data toward the population. Results: Average knee reaction forces range up to 7.16 times body weight for the forwarded leg during lunge. Conversely, during squat, the load is evenly distributed. For both motions, a reliable and compact statistical model was created. In the lunge model, the first 12 modes accounts for 95.26% of inter-individual population variance. For the maximal-depth squat, this was 95.69% for the first 14 modes. Model accuracies will increase when including more principal components. Conclusion: Our model design was proved to be compact, accurate, and reliable. For models aimed at populations covering descriptive studies, the sample size must be at least 50.
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