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Publication
Indústria 4.0 aplicada ao Comissionamento de Moldes
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| 4.93 MB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Abstract(s)
Atualmente, assiste-se a um grande desenvolvimento dos processos de fabrico aditivo e ao
seu uso para a obtenção de peças plásticas. No entanto, a necessidade de produzir em massa
peças de elevado rigor dimensional, com geometrias complexas e a baixo custo continua a
fazer da moldação por injeção a tecnologia de processamento de polímeros termoplásticos
mais utilizada na indústria. A crescente exigência dos mercados e a evolução dos processos
produtivos têm contribuído para a elevada complexidade dos produtos plásticos obtidos por
moldação por injeção, resultando, como consequência, num aumento da complexidade dos
sistemas integrados nos moldes que produzem esses produtos.
Um molde complexo é composto por centenas de peças ou componentes, e a sua montagem
ou desmontagem exige uma análise detalhada de todos os seus constituintes, bem como um
conhecimento aprofundado dos sistemas incorporados e da cinemática do seu
funcionamento. As operações de montagem, desmontagem e manutenção de moldes
complexos, durante o seu normal funcionamento, implicam tempos de paragem
significativos e requerem operadores altamente qualificados, com conhecimentos técnicos
especializados sobre o molde em questão, para garantir a sua qualidade ao longo do ciclo de
vida.
Este projeto propõe o desenvolvimento de uma aplicação da Realidade Aumentada aplicada
ao comissionamento de moldes, utilizando o método Design Science Research. O objetivo
é demonstrar de que forma a Realidade Aumentada pode contribui para a utilização e
manutenção eficiente de moldes complexos no contexto da indústria de moldação por
injeção, reduzindo a lacuna de conhecimento entre o fabricante do molde e os operadores
responsáveis pela manipulação do molde no Moldador, nomeadamente nas operações de
inspeção e manutenção.
Os resultados dos testes end-to-end realizados, com o objetivo de verificar e validar o
comportamento do sistema de Realidade Aumentada desenvolvido como um todo,
demonstra que os objetivos propostos foram alcançados e que os desafios identificados
foram superados.
Currently, there is significant development in additive manufacturing processes and their use to produce plastic parts. However, the need for mass production of parts with high dimensional accuracy, complex geometries, and low cost continues to make injection moulding the most widely used technology for processing thermoplastic polymers in industry. The increasing demands of the market and the evolution of production processes have contributed to the complexity of plastic products obtained by injection moulding, which, as a result, has led to a rise in the complexity of the systems integrated within the moulds that produce these products. A complex mould is made up of hundreds of parts or components, and its assembly or disassembly requires a detailed analysis of all its constituents, as well as an in-depth understanding of the systems incorporated and the kinematics of its operation. Assembly, disassembly, and maintenance operations of complex moulds during their normal functioning involve significant downtime and require highly skilled operators with specialised technical knowledge of the specific mould, to ensure its quality throughout its lifecycle. This project proposes the development of an Augmented Reality application applied to the commissioning of moulds, using the Design Science Research method. The aim is to demonstrate how Augmented Reality can contribute to the efficient use and maintenance of complex moulds in the context of the injection moulding industry, bridging the knowledge gap between the mould manufacturer and the operators responsible for handling the mould in the Moulder, particularly in inspection and maintenance operations. Finally, the results of the end-to-end tests are presented, aiming to verify and validate the overall performance of the Augmented Reality system developed, demonstrating that the proposed objectives were achieved and that the identified challenges were overcome.
Currently, there is significant development in additive manufacturing processes and their use to produce plastic parts. However, the need for mass production of parts with high dimensional accuracy, complex geometries, and low cost continues to make injection moulding the most widely used technology for processing thermoplastic polymers in industry. The increasing demands of the market and the evolution of production processes have contributed to the complexity of plastic products obtained by injection moulding, which, as a result, has led to a rise in the complexity of the systems integrated within the moulds that produce these products. A complex mould is made up of hundreds of parts or components, and its assembly or disassembly requires a detailed analysis of all its constituents, as well as an in-depth understanding of the systems incorporated and the kinematics of its operation. Assembly, disassembly, and maintenance operations of complex moulds during their normal functioning involve significant downtime and require highly skilled operators with specialised technical knowledge of the specific mould, to ensure its quality throughout its lifecycle. This project proposes the development of an Augmented Reality application applied to the commissioning of moulds, using the Design Science Research method. The aim is to demonstrate how Augmented Reality can contribute to the efficient use and maintenance of complex moulds in the context of the injection moulding industry, bridging the knowledge gap between the mould manufacturer and the operators responsible for handling the mould in the Moulder, particularly in inspection and maintenance operations. Finally, the results of the end-to-end tests are presented, aiming to verify and validate the overall performance of the Augmented Reality system developed, demonstrating that the proposed objectives were achieved and that the identified challenges were overcome.
Description
Keywords
Design science research Moldes complexos Moldação por injeção Montagem Desmontagem Realidade aumentada