A carregar...
Publicação
Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida da Metalomecânica
| Nome: | Descrição: | Tamanho: | Formato: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2.71 MB | Adobe PDF |
Autores
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
O presente trabalho desenvolve uma Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida (ACV) da
metalomecânica, de acordo com as normas internacionais ISO 14040:2006, ISO 14044:2006
e Regulamento (UE) 2024/3110, com o objetivo de identificar e quantificar os potenciais
impactes ambientais associados à sua atividade. A unidade declarada corresponde a 1 kg de
estrutura metálica pronta para expedição, numa abordagem cradle-to-gate, abrangendo as
etapas de corte, decapagem, calandragem, quinagem, furação, soldadura, pintura, consumos
energéticos e fluxos residuais.
A avaliação foi realizada com recurso à metodologia Environmental Footprint 3.1,
utilizando o software SimaPro e bases de dados secundárias (Ecoinvent 3.11), sempre que
os dados primários não estavam disponíveis. Os resultados foram normalizados, permitindo
identificar e priorizar as categorias de impacte mais relevantes.
As análises evidenciaram que o processo de produção do aço é responsável por mais
de 93% dos impactes na utilização de água e eutrofização da água doce, e por mais de 70%
nas radiações ionizantes, ecotoxicidade da água doce, partículas em suspensão e alterações
climáticas. No processo de produção das estruturas metálicas destaca-se a utilização do solo
e toxicidade humana cancerígena com impactes acima dos 60%, toxicidade humana não
cancerígena com cerca de 50% dos impactes e restantes categorias de impacte abaixo de
17% do total de impactes ambientais.
Este trabalho contribui para a literatura científica ao disponibilizar inventários e
resultados específicos da realidade industrial portuguesa, reforçando a importância da
integração da ACV como ferramenta de apoio à decisão na indústria metalomecânica. Os
resultados sustentam o alinhamento desta atividade com os Objetivos de Desenvolvimento
Sustentável (7, 9, 12 e 13) e fornecem uma base sólida para a definição de estratégias de
economia circular e de neutralidade carbónica no setor.
This study conducts a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of the metalworking industry in accordance with the international standards ISO 14040:2006, ISO 14044:2006, and Regulation (EU) 2024/3110, with the aim of identifying and quantifying the potential environmental impacts associated with its operations. The declared unit corresponds to 1 kg of metal structure ready for shipment, using a cradle-to-gate approach, covering the stages of cutting, pickling, rolling, bending, drilling, welding, painting, energy consumption, and waste streams. The assessment was conducted using the Environmental Footprint 3.1 methodology, employing SimaPro software and secondary databases (Ecoinvent 3.11) whenever primary data were unavailable. The results were normalized, allowing for the identification and prioritization of the most relevant impact categories. The analyses showed that the steel production process accounts for more than 93% of the impacts on water use and freshwater eutrophication, while ionizing radiation, freshwater ecotoxicity, particulate matter, and climate change account for over 70% of the impacts. In the metal structures process, land use and human carcinogenic toxicity stand out, with impacts exceeding 60%; human non-carcinogenic toxicity accounts for about 50% of the impacts; and the remaining impact categories account for less than 17% of total environmental impacts. This study contributes to the scientific literature by providing inventories and results specific to the Portuguese industrial context, reinforcing the importance of integrating LCA as a decision-support tool in the metalworking industry. The results support the alignment of this activity with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs 7, 9, 12, and 13) and provide a solid foundation for defining circular economy and carbon neutrality strategies in the sector.
This study conducts a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of the metalworking industry in accordance with the international standards ISO 14040:2006, ISO 14044:2006, and Regulation (EU) 2024/3110, with the aim of identifying and quantifying the potential environmental impacts associated with its operations. The declared unit corresponds to 1 kg of metal structure ready for shipment, using a cradle-to-gate approach, covering the stages of cutting, pickling, rolling, bending, drilling, welding, painting, energy consumption, and waste streams. The assessment was conducted using the Environmental Footprint 3.1 methodology, employing SimaPro software and secondary databases (Ecoinvent 3.11) whenever primary data were unavailable. The results were normalized, allowing for the identification and prioritization of the most relevant impact categories. The analyses showed that the steel production process accounts for more than 93% of the impacts on water use and freshwater eutrophication, while ionizing radiation, freshwater ecotoxicity, particulate matter, and climate change account for over 70% of the impacts. In the metal structures process, land use and human carcinogenic toxicity stand out, with impacts exceeding 60%; human non-carcinogenic toxicity accounts for about 50% of the impacts; and the remaining impact categories account for less than 17% of total environmental impacts. This study contributes to the scientific literature by providing inventories and results specific to the Portuguese industrial context, reinforcing the importance of integrating LCA as a decision-support tool in the metalworking industry. The results support the alignment of this activity with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs 7, 9, 12, and 13) and provide a solid foundation for defining circular economy and carbon neutrality strategies in the sector.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Metalomecânica Avaliação do ciclo de vida Sustentabilidade Estruturas metálicas