Not Available

Funder

Organizational Unit

Publications

Celiac disease gut microbiome studies in the third millennium: reviewing the findings and gaps of available literature

Publication . Luz, Vanessa C. C.; Pereira, Sónia Gonçalves

Celiac disease is an autoimmune enteropathy caused by the ingestion of minute amounts of gluten in a subset of genetically predisposed individuals. Its onset occurs at different ages and with variable symptoms. The gut microbiome may contribute to this variability. This review aims to provide an overview of the available research on celiac disease gut microbiome and identify the knowledge gap that could guide future studies. Following the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR), four electronic databases were searched for literature from January 2000 to July 2023 addressing celiac disease gut microbiome characterization using next-generation sequencing (NGS) approaches. From the 489 publications retrieved, 48 publications were selected and analyzed, focusing on sample characterization (patients, controls, and tissues) and methodologies used for NGS microbiome analysis and characterization. The majority of the selected publications regarded children and adults, and four were randomized clinical trials. The number of participants per study greatly varied and was typically low. Feces were the most frequently tested sample matrix, and duodenal samples were analyzed in one-third of the studies. Incomplete and diverse information on the methodological approaches and gut microbiome results was broadly observed. While similar trends regarding the relative abundance of some phyla, such as Pseudomonadota (former Proteobacteria), were detected in some studies, others contradicted those results. The observed high variability of technical approaches and possibly low power and sample sizes may prevent reaching a consensus on celiac disease gut microbiome composition. Standardization of research protocols to allow reproducibility and comparability is required, as interdisciplinary collaborations to further data analysis, interpretation, and, more importantly, health outcome prediction or improvement.

2024-09-16Journal article

Open access

Dietary patterns drive loss of fiber-foraging species in the celiac disease patients gut microbiota compared to first-degree relatives

Publication . Roque, Ana; Zanker, Joyce; Brígido, Sara; Tomaz, Maria Beatriz; Gonçalves, André; Barbeiro, Sandra; Benítez-Páez, Alfonso; Pereira, Sónia Gonçalves

Background Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder triggered by dietary gluten in genetically predisposed indi‑viduals that primarily afects the small intestine. Studies have reported diferentially abundant bacterial taxa in the gut microbiota of celiac patients compared with non-celiac controls. However, fndings across studies have inconsisten‑cies and no microbial signature of celiac disease has been defned so far. Results Here, we showed, by comparing celiac patients with their non-celiac 1st-degree relatives, that bacterial com‑munities of related individuals have similar species occurrence and abundance compared with non-relatives, regard‑less the disease status. We also found in celiac patients a loss of bacterial species associated with fber degradation,and host metabolic and immune modulation, as ruminiclostridia, ruminococci, Prevotella, and Akkermansia muciniphila species. We demonstrated that the diferential abundance of bacterial species correlates to diferent dietary pat‑terns observed between the two groups. For instance, Ruminiclostridium siraeum, Ruminococcus bicirculans, and Bacteroides plebeious, recognized as fber-degraders, appear more abundant in non-celiac 1st-degree relatives, which havea vegetable consumption pattern higher than celiac patients. Pattern of servings per day also suggests a possible link between these species’ abundance and daily calorie intake. Conclusions Overall, we evidenced that a kinship approach could be valuable in unveiling potential celiac disease microbial traits, as well as the signifcance of dietary factors in shaping microbial profles and their infuence on dis‑ease development and progression. Our results pave the way for designing and adopting novel dietary strategies based on gluten-free fber-enriched ingredients to improve disease management and patients’ quality of life.

2024-10-08Journal article

Open access