Browsing by Author "Rodrigues, D.M."
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- Influence of friction stir welding parameters on the microstructural and mechanical properties of AA 6016-T4 thin weldsPublication . Rodrigues, D.M.; Loureiro, A.; Leitão, C.; Leal, Rui; Chaparro, B.M.; Vilaça, P.In present work friction stir welds produced in 1 mm thick plates of AA 6016-T4 aluminium alloy, with two different tools, were analysed and compared concerning the microstructure and mechanical properties. For each tool, the welding parameters were optimized in order to achieve non-defective welds. Assuming a relation between the welding parameters and the energy input per unit of length of the weld [Seidel TU, Reynolds AP. Visualization of the material flow in AA2195 friction stir welds using a marker insert technique. Metall Mater Trans A 2001;32A:2879-84; Sato YS, Urata M, Kokawa H. Parameters controlling microstructure and hardness during friction stir welding of precipitation-hardenable aluminum alloy 6063. Metall Mater Trans A 2002;33(3):625-35; Lim S, Kim S, Lee CG, Kim S-J. Tensile behavior of friction-stri-welded Al 6061-T651. Metall Mater Trans A 2004;35(9):2829-35; Yang B, Yan J, Sutton MA, Reynolds AP. Banded microstructure in AA2024-T351 and AA2524-T351 aluminum friction stir welds: Part I. Metallurgical studies. Mater Sci Eng A 2004;364(1-2):55-65; Peel MJ, Steuwer A, Withers PJ, Dickerson T, Shi Q, Shercliff H. Dissimilar friction stir welds in AA5083-AA6082. Part I: process parameter effects on thermal history and weld properties. Metall Mater Trans A 2006;37:2183-193; Gerlich A, Su P, Yamamoto M, North TH. Effect of welding parameters on the strain rate and microstructure of friction stir spot welded 2024 aluminum alloy. J Mater Sci 2007;42(14):5589-601; Lombard H, Hattingh DG, Steuwer A, James MN. Optimising FSW process parameters to minimise defects and maximise fatigue life in 5083-H321 aluminum alloy. Eng Fract Mech 2008;75(3-4):341-54], the welds produced were classified as "hot" and "cold welds". The results obtained showed that the "hot" welds, obtained with the maximum tool rotational speed and the minimum traverse speed, have improved mechanical properties relative to the "cold" welds that were in undermatch condition relative to the base material. The differences in mechanical properties between the two types of welds are explained based in TEM microstructural analysis. Despite the undermatched characteristics of the "cold" welds relative to the base material, formability tests demonstrated that these welds improve the drawing performance of the welded sheets.
- Mechanical behaviour of similar and dissimilar AA5182-H111 and AA6016-T4 thin friction stir weldsPublication . Leitão, C.; Leal, Rui; Rodrigues, D.M.; Loureiro, A.; Vilaça, P.The tensile behaviour of similar and dissimilar friction stir welds in 1 mm thick sheets of two aluminium alloys (AA5182-H111 and AA6016-T4) is analysed in this paper. The heterogeneity in properties across the welds was studied by performing microhardness tests and microstructural analysis. The tensile tests were performed in samples extracted longitudinal and transverse to the weld direction. It was found that the tensile behaviour of the welds depends mainly on the grain size in the TMAZ, for the AA5182-H111 alloy, and on precipitate distribution, for the AA6016-T4 alloy. In all types of welds, the HAZ preserves the same properties of the base materials. The global mechanical behaviour of the AA5182-H111 similar welds is very similar to that of the base material. However, for the AA6016-T4 similar welds and for the AA6016-T4-AA5182-H111 dissimilar welds a 10-20% strength reduction relative to the base materials and important losses in ductility were reported.