Percorrer por autor "Rice, Hannah"
A mostrar 1 - 2 de 2
Resultados por página
Opções de ordenação
- Influence of Jump and Ball Release Parameters on Shooting Accuracy in Basketball Under Varying ConstraintsPublication . Amaro, Catarina M.; Castro, Maria António; Mendes, Rui; Rice, Hannah; Gomes, Beatriz B.Background: This study investigates how both jump-related (jump height and flight time) and ball-related parameters (release height, release angle, and velocity) influence shooting accuracy in basketball under different contextual constraints. Methods: Eighteen senior players competing in the national championship (11 females and 7 males; 22.0 ± 3.7 years) performed 90 shots each across three positions (left 45°, middle 90°, right 45°) and three shooting conditions (baseline, simulated gym audience noise, and simulated opposition). Jump variables were derived from force platforms, while ball kinematics were extracted using a high-speed Qualisys camera system. Results: A three-way ANOVA revealed no systematic effects of position or opposition, and only a small effect of noise on flight time (p = 0.019), which was not confirmed by the Linear Mixed Model. Comparisons between successful and missed shots indicated significantly higher flight time, jump height, and release height, and a tendency for higher release velocity in successful attempts, with no differences in release angle. Spearman correlation showed weak associations between biomechanical variables and shooting accuracy (R2 = 0.005–0.012). Conclusions: These findings suggest that while adaptive biomechanical changes occur under contextual constraints, their isolated impact on shot success is limited. Successful performance appears to rely more strongly on release-related parameters, emphasizing the need for a holistic approach to training that integrates technical, perceptual, and psychological dimensions.
- Phase-specific force–time adaptations in basketball jump shots under environmental constraintsPublication . Amaro, Catarina M.; Mendes, Rui; Castro, Maria António; Rice, Hannah; Gomes, Beatriz B.This study examined whether task-related and environmental constraints influence the vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) waveform during the basketball jump shot, with a focus on phase-specific adaptations across shooting positions. Eighteen senior basketball players performed jump shots from three shooting positions (45° right, middle, 45° left) under three conditions: baseline, simulated defensive opposition, and simulated gym audience noise. vGRF signals were recorded using a force platform and time-normalized to 0–100% of the movement cycle. One-dimensional Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM) was applied using a hierarchical region-of-interest (ROI) approach, focusing on the unweighting, braking, and propulsive phases. Group-level effects were tested using a two-way SPM{F} ANOVA (Constraint × Position). Exploratory intra-individual SPM{t} analyses were conducted to examine athlete-specific adaptations. No significant main effects of constraint or position, and no constraint × position interactions were observed at the group level in any ROI (α = 0.05). Exploratory intra-individual analyses revealed heterogeneous, athlete-specific adaptations to external constraints and shooting position, predominantly during the braking and propulsive phases, with substantial variability in the timing and presence of significant clusters across athletes. The results indicate that experienced basketball players preserve a stable force–time organization during the jump shot despite environmental and task-related constraints. While group-level mechanical patterns remain invariant, individual athletes may exhibit phase-specific adaptations that do not generalize across the population. These findings underscore the importance of hierarchical and individualized analytical approaches for understanding skilled performance and support the use of ROI-based SPM for the biomechanical analysis of complex movement tasks.