Percorrer por autor "Machado, Sérgio"
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- Effects of a Playoff Match on Competitive Anxiety and Autonomic Regulation in Professional Esports PlayersPublication . Machado, Sérgio; Sant’Ana, Leandro de Oliveira; Cid, Luis; Teixeira, Diogo S.; Travassos, Bruno; Monteiro, Diogo; Nardi, Antonio EgidioBackground A competition is considered a stressful situation since it causes physiological and emotional changes in the responses of athletes and consequently influences their performance. Objective The aim of our study was to investigate competitive anxiety and heart rate variability (HRV) in professional eSports athletes, comparing the responses before and after matches based on whether they won or lost. We hypothesized that victorious players would display more favorable autonomic and anxiety-related responses after the matches compared to those who were defeated. Methods We recruited fifty male esports players from 10 different Brazilian teams and carried out the experiment across two sessions. Initially, 24 hours before the game, players signed the informed consent form, and sample characterization, along with player familiarization with anxiety and HRV, was performed. Following this, the players recorded their anxiety levels and HRV at rest for 10 minutes, both 60 and 30 minutes prior to the game (baseline time points), as well as 10 minutes after the conclusion of the game. Results Regarding anxiety, our results demonstrated that the victory group (VG) exhibited significantly lower scores for both cognitive and somatic anxiety in the post-game time point, coupled with increased scores for self-confidence when compared to the baseline (BL) and pre-game time points. In opposition, the defeated group (DG) displayed significantly elevated scores for cognitive and somatic anxiety during the post-game time point, accompanied by decreased self-confidence scores compared to the baseline and pre-game time points. Regarding heart rate variability (HRV), the victory group (VG) demonstrated a significant increase in SDNN, rMSSD, and HF measures, coupled with a significant decrease in the LF/HF ratio. Conversely, the defeated group (DG) exhibited a significant decrease in SDNN and rMSSD, along with a significant increase in the LF/HF ratio. Conclusion In summary, the VG exhibited superior HRV responses in conjunction with lower levels of anxiety compared to the DG.
- Load and psychophysiological responses in high-intensity interval training with fixed and self-selected recoveryPublication . Sant’Ana, Leandro; Macedo Vianna, Jeferson; Rodrigues Scartoni, Fabiana; Tolomeu de Oliveira, Géssyca; Macedo Carvalho, Bruna; De Sena Altomar, Marconi; Teixeira, Diogo; Antunes, R.; Rodrigues, Filipe; Matos, Rui; Novaes, Jefferson da Silva; Machado, Sérgio; Monteiro, DiogoIntroduction and Objective. The study analyzed the training load in high-intensity interval training sessions with different conditions of recovery time between stimuli: fixed (1min.) and self-selected. Methods. Nineteen individuals participated in the study: 13 men and 6 women (19±1.0 years; 64.0±9.2 kg; 169±8.5 cm; 22.0±2 BMI). For the training load analysis, heart rate variability (LnRMSSD), perceived effort (PE), and mood scale BRUMS (MS) were used. LnRMSSD and MS were evaluated before and after the sessions. The PE was evaluated during each session immediately after each stimulus. The protocol was 10 x 30s (95% Vpeak) with active recovery (40% Vpeak) in fixed or self-selected time. ANOVA-RM (2 [interventions] x 2 [time points]) for LnRMSSD and MS and (2 [interventions] x 10 [time points]) for PE was used. Results. Between condition and time*condition, no differences were observed for LnRMSSD (p=.626; p=.879, respectively), PE (p=.191; p=.792, respectively), and MS (tension: p=.673; p=.463; depression: p=.867; p=.359; anger: p=.867; p=.359; vigor: p=.811; p=.778; fatigue: p=.144; p=.998; mental confusion: p=.828; p=.752, respectively). In terms of time, significant differences were observed in LnRMSSD (p<.001) and PE (1≠3-10; 2≠4-10; 3≠5-10; 4≠5-10; 5≠7-10; 6≠7-10; 7≠ 9,10; 8≠10, p<.001). In MS, there was a difference in domains of tension (p<.001), depression (p<.015), anger (p<.033), and mental confusion (p<.001). But not for vigor (p=.339) nor fatigue (p=.419), which are associated with the training load. Conclusions. However, both recovery conditions showed similar acute internal load responses. Additionally, it is suggested that recovery with self-selected time (46.70±1.6.58s) may be a recovery option in HIIT prescription.
- Self-selected Recovery in High-intensity Interval Training Promotes Positive Responses in Affect, Pleasure, and Mood in Young PeoplePublication . Sant’Ana, Leandro; Vianna, Jeferson Macedo; Travassos, Bruno; Nakamura, Fábio Yuzo; Teixeira, Diogo; Scartoni, Fabiana Rodrigues; Dias, Amandio; Antunes, Raul; Rodrigues, Filipe; Matos, Rui; Machado, Sérgio; Monteiro, DiogoIntroduction: High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) with self-selected recovery can promote positive emotional responses. This study aimed to verify the acute responses to HIIT with fixed recovery and to select high scorers on the state of affect, enjoyment, and mood in healthy young people. Methods: Nineteen participants took part in the study (19.0±1.0 years, 64.0±9.2 kg, 169.1±8.5, and 22.0±2.0 BMI). They performed 10 x 30 s (95% V peak ) with 1 min recovery (HIIT RecA - active - 40% V peak ) and self-selected (HIIT Rec-B ). Affect, enjoyment, and mood were assessed before and after HIIT (both conditions). Results: In both conditions, for time 1 and 2 were positive in positive ( p =.170, EF: .102) and negative ( p =.0.90, EF: .151) affect, pleasure ( p =.010, EF: .315), and mood domains (tension: p <.001, EF: .673; depression: p =.015, EF: .286), anger: p =.033, EF: .230, and mental confusion: p <.001, EF: .451). In contrast, there was a reduction in the vigor domain and an increase in fatigue, with no differences in all emotional variables for condition and time*condition ( p >.05). Conclusion: Thus, selected self-recovery may be a strategy in prescribing HIIT with possibilities of not interfering with the emotional aspects, researched here.