Baccon, Wanessa CristinaLaranjeira, CarlosMarques, Priscila GarciaHöring, Carla FrancieleGallo, Adriana MartinsAraujo, Juliane PagliariMarques, Francielle Renata Danielli MartinsCarreira, LígiaSalci, Maria Aparecida2024-09-042024-09-042024-06-07Baccon, W.C.; Laranjeira, C.; Marques, P.G.; Höring, C.F.; Gallo, A.M.; Araujo, J.P.; Marques, F.R.D.M.; Carreira, L.; Salci, M.A. Physical Activity and Associated Factors among Brazilian Adult Inmates: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2024, 21, 748. https://doi.org/10.3390/ ijerph21060748http://hdl.handle.net/10400.8/10001Funding: This work is funded by national funds through Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT), I.P. (UIDB/05704/2020 and UIDP/05704/2020) and under the Scientific Employment Stimulus-Institutional Call (https://doi.org/10.54499/CEECINST/00051/2018/CP1566/CT0012, accessed on 5 April 2024).Institutional Review Board Statement: This study was conducted according to the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Permanent Committee on Ethics and Research with Human Beings under opinion 3.211.746, CAAE 08936619.4.0000.0104, on 20 March 2019.This article belongs to the Special Issue Editorial Board Members' Collection Series: Physical Activity and Health.Previous studies on health in prison facilities have determined that imprisonment has adverse effects on both physical and emotional well-being. Therefore, the introduction of public health measures is encouraged. This study aimed to (a) evaluate the levels of physical activity and the health condition of a sample of Brazilian prisoners and (b) determine the predictors of low physical activity. An observational and cross-sectional study was developed following the STROBE checklist. Data collection took place between June and November 2019 in a maximum-security Brazilian prison institution. This study’s final sample included 220 people selected through convenience sampling, of which 115 (53.2%) were aged 18 to 29 years, followed by 79 (36.6%) aged 30 to 44 years and 22 (10.2%) aged 45 to 59 years old. Overall, 64.3% of participants failed to meet the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendation for physical activity [at least 150–300 min of moderate-intensity or 75 min of vigorous-intensity aerobic physical activity per week]. The majority reported unhealthy food consumption (116; 53.7%). Regarding body mass index (BMI), 50.2% of individuals were classified as eutrophic, 38.1% were overweight and 11.6% were obese. Older age (AOR: 0.95; CI95%: 0.92–0.99; p = 0.01) and sitting time (AOR: 0.74; CI95%: 0.65–0.85; p < 0.01) were associated with low adherence to physical activity. Our results highlight the importance of practicing physical activity within the prison context and the need for institutional programs that promote regular physical activity.engInmatesPhysical activityHealthCross-sectional studyBraziljournal articlehttps://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph210607481660-4601